T09: KI-Copilot API + Hybrid Workflow Engine + LLM client + event-triggered workflows

- KI-Copilot: NL query → proposed actions, execute with RBAC, history, audit logging
- LLM client: mock mode (no API key) + OpenAI-compatible mode (AI_MODEL/AI_API_KEY)
- Action mapper: NL intent → API calls (create/update/delete/search company/contact)
- Workflow engine: step types (action/approval/notification/condition), JSONB steps
- Workflow lifecycle: pending → in_progress → completed/rejected/cancelled
- Event-triggered workflows: event bus → auto-start instances
- Code-engine workflows: onboarding on user.created event
- Approval timeout: auto-reject after configured hours
- 5 new tenant-scoped tables with RLS: ai_conversations, ai_messages, workflows, workflow_instances, workflow_step_history
- Migration 0004: all tables + RLS policies + tenant_id + indexes
- 238 tests pass (30 AC + 105 coverage + 103 existing), 84.12% T09 module coverage
- MissingGreenlet fix: safe accessor helpers for async ORM attribute access

.a0/briefings/T07a_briefing.md

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+# T07a — Frontend Core SPA — Shell, Auth, Routing, i18n, UI Library, Accessibility
+
+## Project Root
+/a0/usr/workdir/dev-projects/leocrm
+
+## Frontend Directory
+/a0/usr/workdir/dev-projects/leocrm/frontend/
+
+## Tech Stack (CONFIRMED from architecture.md)
+- React 18 + Vite + TypeScript
+- React Router v6
+- TanStack Query (React Query v5) for server state
+- Zustand for client state
+- react-i18next for i18n (de/en)
+- React Hook Form + Zod for forms
+- Tailwind CSS with design tokens from prototype
+- Vitest for testing
+
+## Backend API (already running, T01-T03 complete)
+- Base URL: http://localhost:8000
+- Auth: session cookie (leocrm_session), SameSite=strict
+- CORS: http://localhost:5173 (Vite dev) allowed
+- Endpoints available: /api/v1/auth/login, /api/v1/auth/logout, /api/v1/auth/me, /api/v1/auth/password-reset/request, /api/v1/auth/password-reset/confirm, /api/v1/users, /api/v1/companies, /api/v1/contacts, /api/v1/notifications, /api/v1/plugins, /health
+
+## Requirements (23)
+F-AUTH-01, F-AUTH-02, F-AUTH-03, F-AUTH-05, F-AUTH-07, F-CORE-06, F-CORE-07, F-CORE-08, F-CORE-09, F-CORE-13, F-A11Y-01, F-A11Y-02, F-A11Y-03, F-INT-01, F-NAV-01, F-UI-01 through F-UI-06, F-UI-08, F-TEST-01
+
+## Acceptance Criteria (27)
+1. Login page renders with email+password form
+2. Login with valid credentials → redirect to Dashboard
+3. Login with invalid credentials → error toast shown
+4. Password reset request page renders and submits
+5. Password reset confirm page renders with token validation
+6. App shell renders with sidebar (plugin menu), topbar (tenant switcher, search, notifications, user menu), content area
+7. Router navigates between routes without page reload (SPA)
+8. Protected routes redirect to /login when not authenticated
+9. Tenant switcher shows current tenant and allows switching
+10. API client sends session cookie automatically via axios interceptor
+11. API client handles 401 → redirect to login
+12. API client handles 422 → display validation errors
+13. i18n: German locale loads by default
+14. i18n: English locale switchable via settings
+15. UI Library: Button renders with variants (primary, secondary, danger, ghost)
+16. UI Library: Input renders with label, error, helper text
+17. UI Library: Modal opens/closes with backdrop click and ESC
+18. UI Library: Toast notifications appear and auto-dismiss
+19. UI Library: Table renders with sortable headers
+20. UI Library: Card, Badge, Avatar, Pagination, EmptyState, Skeleton, ConfirmDialog render correctly
+21. Accessibility: All interactive elements have ARIA labels
+22. Accessibility: Keyboard navigation works (Tab, Enter, Escape, Arrow keys)
+23. Accessibility: 44px minimum touch targets on mobile
+24. Accessibility: prefers-reduced-motion respected
+25. Vite dev server starts without errors
+26. Production build (npm run build) succeeds with 0 errors
+27. TypeScript: tsc --noEmit passes with 0 errors
+
+## Files to Create
+- frontend/package.json (React 18, Vite, TanStack Query, Zustand, react-i18next, React Hook Form, Zod, Tailwind CSS, Vitest, axios)
+- frontend/vite.config.ts
+- frontend/tsconfig.json, tsconfig.node.json
+- frontend/tailwind.config.js, postcss.config.js
+- frontend/index.html
+- frontend/src/main.tsx — React entry point with providers
+- frontend/src/App.tsx — Router + providers setup
+- frontend/src/api/client.ts — axios instance with interceptors (cookie, 401, 422)
+- frontend/src/api/hooks.ts — TanStack Query hooks for auth, users, companies, contacts, notifications
+- frontend/src/store/authStore.ts — Zustand auth store
+- frontend/src/store/uiStore.ts — Zustand UI store (theme, sidebar, locale)
+- frontend/src/i18n/index.ts — react-i18next setup
+- frontend/src/i18n/locales/de.json, en.json
+- frontend/src/components/ui/Button.tsx
+- frontend/src/components/ui/Input.tsx
+- frontend/src/components/ui/Select.tsx
+- frontend/src/components/ui/Modal.tsx
+- frontend/src/components/ui/Toast.tsx (ToastContainer + useToast)
+- frontend/src/components/ui/Table.tsx
+- frontend/src/components/ui/Card.tsx
+- frontend/src/components/ui/Badge.tsx
+- frontend/src/components/ui/Avatar.tsx
+- frontend/src/components/ui/Pagination.tsx
+- frontend/src/components/ui/EmptyState.tsx
+- frontend/src/components/ui/Skeleton.tsx
+- frontend/src/components/ui/ConfirmDialog.tsx
+- frontend/src/components/layout/AppShell.tsx — Sidebar + TopBar + ContentArea
+- frontend/src/components/layout/Sidebar.tsx — Plugin menu, navigation
+- frontend/src/components/layout/TopBar.tsx — Tenant switcher, search, notifications, user menu
+- frontend/src/pages/Login.tsx
+- frontend/src/pages/PasswordResetRequest.tsx
+- frontend/src/pages/PasswordResetConfirm.tsx
+- frontend/src/pages/Dashboard.tsx (placeholder)
+- frontend/src/pages/Settings.tsx (locale switch, theme)
+- frontend/src/routes/index.tsx — Route definitions with guards
+- frontend/src/routes/ProtectedRoute.tsx — Auth guard
+- frontend/src/hooks/useAuth.ts
+- frontend/src/hooks/useTenant.ts
+- frontend/src/index.css — Tailwind directives + design tokens
+- frontend/src/__tests__/shell/ (AppShell, Router, Sidebar, TopBar tests)
+- frontend/src/__tests__/auth/ (Login, PasswordReset tests)
+- frontend/src/__tests__/ui/ (Button, Input, Modal, Toast, Table, etc. tests)
+- frontend/vitest.config.ts (or merge into vite.config.ts)
+- frontend/src/test/setup.ts — Vitest setup (jsdom, i18n, mocks)
+
+## Design Tokens (from prototype)
+- Reference: https://webspace.media-on.de/leocrm-prototype-x7k2p9/
+- Primary color, secondary, accent, danger, warning, success
+- Spacing scale, border radius, shadows
+- Typography: font families, sizes, weights
+- Define as CSS custom properties in index.css + Tailwind config
+
+## Critical Rules
+- Use TypeScript strict mode
+- All components must have ARIA labels for interactive elements
+- 44px minimum touch targets on mobile (Tailwind min-h-[44px] min-w-[44px])
+- prefers-reduced-motion: use Tailwind motion-safe/motion-reduce variants
+- Session cookie: axios with withCredentials: true
+- 401 handler: redirect to /login, clear auth store
+- 422 handler: extract validation errors, display in form
+- i18n: German default, English switchable
+- No Lorem Ipsum — use real German/English content
+- Test with Vitest + jsdom + @testing-library/react
+- Coverage target: 80%
+
+## Test Commands
+cd /a0/usr/workdir/dev-projects/leocrm/frontend && npx vitest run src/__tests__/ --reporter=verbose
+cd /a0/usr/workdir/dev-projects/leocrm/frontend && npm run build
+cd /a0/usr/workdir/dev-projects/leocrm/frontend && npx tsc --noEmit
+
+## Deliverables
+1. Complete frontend/ directory with all files listed above
+2. All 27 ACs covered by tests
+3. npm run build succeeds with 0 errors
+4. tsc --noEmit passes with 0 errors
+5. Report: test results, AC coverage, files, bugs

.a0/briefings/T09_briefing.md

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+# T09 — KI-Copilot API + Hybrid Workflow Engine Backend
+
+## Project Root
+/a0/usr/workdir/dev-projects/leocrm
+
+## Backend Directory
+/a0/usr/workdir/dev-projects/leocrm/app/
+
+## Tech Stack (existing)
+- FastAPI + SQLAlchemy 2.0 + asyncpg + Pydantic v2 + ARQ
+- PostgreSQL 18 on localhost:5432 (user/db: leocrm/leocrm + leocrm_test)
+- Redis on localhost:6379
+- venv at /opt/venv (already activated)
+- T01-T03 complete (103 tests pass, commit 7a5a48f)
+
+## Requirements (5)
+F-AI-01, F-WF-01, F-CORE-01, F-CORE-06, F-TEST-01
+
+## Acceptance Criteria (22)
+### KI-Copilot (7 ACs)
+1. POST /api/v1/ai/copilot/query mit NL input → 200 + proposed_actions array
+2. POST /api/v1/ai/copilot/execute mit proposed action → 200 + API result (RBAC enforced)
+3. POST /api/v1/ai/copilot/execute als viewer mit delete action → 403 (RBAC blocks)
+4. GET /api/v1/ai/copilot/history → 200 + paginated conversation history
+5. Copilot action logged in audit_log with entity_type=ai_copilot
+6. Copilot respects tenant isolation: cross-tenant → 404
+7. Copilot respects field-level permissions: hidden fields not in response
+
+### Workflow Engine (15 ACs)
+8. POST /api/v1/workflows mit valid steps JSONB → 201 + workflow definition
+9. GET /api/v1/workflows → 200 + paginated list
+10. GET /api/v1/workflows/{id} → 200 + workflow detail with steps
+11. PATCH /api/v1/workflows/{id} → 200, updated
+12. DELETE /api/v1/workflows/{id} → 204
+13. POST /api/v1/workflows/{id}/instances → 201, instance created with status=pending
+14. GET /api/v1/workflows/instances?status=in_progress → 200 + filtered list
+15. GET /api/v1/workflows/instances/{id} → 200 + current_step_index + history
+16. POST /api/v1/workflows/instances/{id}/advance (approve) → 200, step advanced
+17. POST /api/v1/workflows/instances/{id}/advance (reject) → 200, status=rejected, initiator notified
+18. POST /api/v1/workflows/instances/{id}/cancel → 200, status=cancelled
+19. Event-triggered workflow: publish event → workflow instance auto-starts
+20. workflow_step_history entry created on every step transition
+21. Code-engine workflow: onboarding workflow runs on user creation
+22. Approval step timeout → auto-reject after configured hours (tested with mock timer)
+
+## Files to Create
+### KI-Copilot
+- app/models/ai_conversation.py — AIConversation, AIMessage models (tenant-scoped)
+- app/schemas/ai_copilot.py — CopilotQueryRequest, CopilotAction, CopilotExecuteRequest, CopilotHistoryResponse
+- app/services/ai_copilot_service.py — NL→API translation, LLM client, RBAC enforcement, audit logging
+- app/routes/ai_copilot.py — POST /query, POST /execute, GET /history
+- app/ai/__init__.py
+- app/ai/llm_client.py — Configurable LLM client (AI_MODEL, AI_API_KEY env vars)
+- app/ai/action_mapper.py — Maps NL intents to API calls
+
+### Workflow Engine
+- app/models/workflow.py — Workflow, WorkflowInstance, WorkflowStepHistory models (tenant-scoped)
+- app/schemas/workflow.py — WorkflowCreate, WorkflowResponse, InstanceCreate, InstanceResponse, AdvanceRequest
+- app/services/workflow_service.py — CRUD workflows, instance lifecycle (start/advance/approve/reject/cancel)
+- app/routes/workflows.py — Workflow CRUD + instance endpoints
+- app/workflows/__init__.py
+- app/workflows/code/__init__.py — Code-engine workflows
+- app/workflows/code/onboarding.py — Onboarding workflow (runs on user creation)
+- app/workflows/engine.py — Workflow execution engine (step processing, conditions, approvals)
+
+### Tests
+- tests/test_ai_copilot.py — 7 AC tests + edge cases
+- tests/test_workflows.py — 15 AC tests + edge cases
+
+### Migration
+- alembic/versions/0004_ai_workflows.py — ai_conversations, ai_messages, workflows, workflow_instances, workflow_step_history tables (all tenant-scoped with RLS)
+
+## Files to Modify
+- app/main.py — Register ai_copilot + workflows routers
+- app/models/__init__.py — Add new model imports
+- app/routes/__init__.py — Add new router imports
+- app/schemas/__init__.py — Add new schema imports
+- app/services/__init__.py — Add new service imports
+- tests/conftest.py — Add new tables to TRUNCATE list
+- app/core/event_bus.py — Add workflow event trigger integration (if not already present)
+
+## LLM Client Design
+- Read AI_MODEL and AI_API_KEY from environment
+- If not set, use mock/stub mode (returns predefined actions for tests)
+- Support OpenAI-compatible API (default)
+- NL → proposed API calls: method, path, body, description
+- Never execute directly — always return proposed actions for user confirmation
+
+## Workflow Engine Design
+- Step types: action, approval, notification, condition
+- Workflow definition: JSONB steps array
+- Instance lifecycle: pending → in_progress → completed/rejected/cancelled
+- Event bus integration: subscribe to events, auto-start workflows with matching trigger
+- Code-engine: hardcoded workflows in app/workflows/code/ (onboarding on user.created event)
+- Approval timeout: configurable hours, auto-reject via ARQ scheduled job or mock timer in tests
+
+## Critical Rules
+- All POST routes MUST have status_code=201 (except execute/advance/cancel which are actions → 200)
+- Use set_config() for tenant context, NOT SET LOCAL
+- Use .com emails in tests, NOT .test
+- All new tables MUST have tenant_id column + RLS policies
+- Update tests/conftest.py TRUNCATE list with new tables
+- Create Alembic migration 0004 for all new tables
+- Copilot MUST enforce RBAC (same middleware, same permissions)
+- Copilot MUST respect tenant isolation and field-level permissions
+- Audit log entity_type=ai_copilot for all copilot actions
+- Workflow mutations MUST be logged in workflow_step_history
+- Idempotent where applicable
+
+## Test Commands
+cd /a0/usr/workdir/dev-projects/leocrm && python -m pytest tests/test_ai_copilot.py tests/test_workflows.py -v --tb=short
+cd /a0/usr/workdir/dev-projects/leocrm && python -m pytest tests/ -v --tb=short (full suite regression)
+
+## Coverage Target
+80% for new modules
+
+## Deliverables
+1. All files listed above
+2. Alembic migration 0004
+3. tests/test_ai_copilot.py + tests/test_workflows.py covering all 22 ACs
+4. Report: test results, AC coverage, files, bugs

.a0/current_status.md

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+# Current Status — LeoCRM
+
+**Phase**: 3 — Implementation
+**Status**: T03 COMPLETE — 103/103 tests pass, 85.92% plugin coverage
+**Commit**: 7a5a48f (pushed to Forgejo)
+**Date**: 2026-06-29 01:20 CEST
+
+## Completed Tasks
+- T01 ✅ Core Infrastructure + Auth (29 tests)
+- T02 ✅ Companies + Contacts + Import/Export (27 tests)
+- T03 ✅ Plugin System Framework (47 tests)
+
+## Next Action
+- Delegate T07a (Frontend SPA Shell) + T09 (KI-Copilot API) in parallel
+- Awaiting user approval

.a0/next_steps.md

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+# Next Steps — LeoCRM
+
+## Current: T03 COMPLETE ✅ (commit 7a5a48f, pushed)
+
+## Phase 3 Implementation Progress
+- T01 ✅ Core Infrastructure + Multi-Tenant + Auth (commit 7a7daf8)
+- T02 ✅ Company + Contact + Import/Export (commit 6bf0746)
+- T03 ✅ Plugin System Framework (commit 7a5a48f)
+
+## Next: T07a ∥ T09 (Parallel)
+### T07a — Frontend SPA Shell
+- Deps: T01 ✅
+- Reqs: 23 features, 27 ACs
+- Vue 3 + Vite + Pinia + Vue Router + TailwindCSS
+- Auth flow, layout, navigation, dashboard, settings
+
+### T09 — KI-Copilot API + Hybrid Workflow Engine Backend
+- Deps: T01 ✅, T02 ✅
+- Reqs: 5 features, 22 ACs
+- LLM integration, workflow engine, task automation
+
+## After T07a + T09: T07b (Frontend Feature Pages)
+## After T07b: T10 (Monitoring, Performance, Documentation)
+
+## v1 Execution Order
+T01 ✅ → T02 ✅ → T03 ✅ → (T07a ∥ T09) → T07b → T10

.a0/worklog.md

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+
+## T03 — Plugin System Framework — COMPLETE ✅
+**Date**: 2026-06-29 01:20
+**Commit**: 7a5a48f (pushed to Forgejo)
+**Tests**: 47/47 T03 tests pass, 103/103 full suite pass
+**Coverage**: 85.92% for plugin modules (target: 85% ✅)
+**Migration**: 0003_plugin_system.py applied (plugins + plugin_migrations tables)
+
+### Files Created (12 new)
+- app/plugins/__init__.py, manifest.py, base.py, registry.py, migration_runner.py
+- app/plugins/builtins/__init__.py, test_sample.py, migrations/0001_test_plugin.sql, migrations/0001_bad_migration.sql
+- app/models/plugin.py, app/schemas/plugin.py, app/services/plugin_service.py, app/routes/plugins.py
+- alembic/versions/0003_plugin_system.py
+- tests/test_plugins.py (47 tests, 14 ACs + 33 unit tests)
+
+### Files Modified (8)
+- app/main.py (plugins router + registry init in lifespan)
+- app/models/__init__.py, app/routes/__init__.py, app/schemas/__init__.py, app/services/__init__.py
+- tests/conftest.py (plugin tables in TRUNCATE list)
+
+### Bugs Fixed by Subagent
+1. Unterminated f-string in registry.py
+2. Migration runner DB connection visibility (now uses session's own connection)
+3. Route unregistration by path match (FastAPI wraps routes differently)
+4. Dollar-quote SQL splitting (flush after closing $$)
+5. AC11 assertion type (dict vs string for HTTPException detail)
+
+### Verification (Orchestrator Independent)
+- pytest tests/test_plugins.py -v: 47/47 PASS
+- pytest tests/ -v: 103/103 PASS (zero regressions)
+- Coverage: 85.92% (manifest 100%, base 88%, registry 88%, migration_runner 79%)
+- Migration 0003 applied via alembic upgrade head
+- No forbidden patterns found
+- Pushed to Forgejo: 6bf0746..7a5a48f
+
+### Next: T07a (Frontend SPA Shell) ∥ T09 (KI-Copilot API) — parallel delegation

alembic/versions/0004_ai_workflows.py

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+"""T09: ai_conversations, ai_messages, workflows, workflow_instances, workflow_step_history tables.
+
+Revision ID: 0004_ai_workflows
+Revises: 0003_plugin_system
+Create Date: 2026-06-29
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Sequence, Union
+
+from alembic import op
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from sqlalchemy.dialects import postgresql
+
+revision: str = "0004_ai_workflows"
+down_revision: Union[str, None] = "0003_plugin_system"
+branch_labels: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
+depends_on: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    # --- ai_conversations table (tenant-scoped) ---
+    op.create_table(
+        "ai_conversations",
+        sa.Column("id", postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True),
+        sa.Column("tenant_id", postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), sa.ForeignKey("tenants.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("user_id", postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), sa.ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("title", sa.String(255), nullable=False, server_default="Untitled"),
+        sa.Column("context", postgresql.JSONB, nullable=False, server_default=sa.text("'{}'::jsonb")),
+        sa.Column("created_at", sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=sa.func.now()),
+        sa.Column("updated_at", sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=sa.func.now()),
+    )
+    op.create_index("ix_ai_conversations_tenant_id", "ai_conversations", ["tenant_id"])
+    op.create_index("ix_ai_conversations_tenant_user", "ai_conversations", ["tenant_id", "user_id"])
+
+    # --- ai_messages table (tenant-scoped) ---
+    op.create_table(
+        "ai_messages",
+        sa.Column("id", postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True),
+        sa.Column("tenant_id", postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), sa.ForeignKey("tenants.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("conversation_id", postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), sa.ForeignKey("ai_conversations.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("role", sa.String(20), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("content", sa.Text, nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("proposed_actions", postgresql.JSONB, nullable=True),
+        sa.Column("executed_action", postgresql.JSONB, nullable=True),
+        sa.Column("execution_result", postgresql.JSONB, nullable=True),
+        sa.Column("message_index", sa.Integer, nullable=False, server_default="0"),
+        sa.Column("created_at", sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=sa.func.now()),
+        sa.Column("updated_at", sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=sa.func.now()),
+    )
+    op.create_index("ix_ai_messages_tenant_id", "ai_messages", ["tenant_id"])
+    op.create_index("ix_ai_messages_tenant_conversation", "ai_messages", ["tenant_id", "conversation_id"])
+    op.create_index("ix_ai_messages_conversation_id", "ai_messages", ["conversation_id"])
+
+    # --- workflows table (tenant-scoped) ---
+    op.create_table(
+        "workflows",
+        sa.Column("id", postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True),
+        sa.Column("tenant_id", postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), sa.ForeignKey("tenants.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("name", sa.String(200), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("description", sa.Text, nullable=True),
+        sa.Column("trigger_event", sa.String(100), nullable=True),
+        sa.Column("steps", postgresql.JSONB, nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("is_active", sa.Boolean, nullable=False, server_default=sa.text("true")),
+        sa.Column("created_by", postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), sa.ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="SET NULL"), nullable=True),
+        sa.Column("created_at", sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=sa.func.now()),
+        sa.Column("updated_at", sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=sa.func.now()),
+    )
+    op.create_index("ix_workflows_tenant_id", "workflows", ["tenant_id"])
+    op.create_index("ix_workflows_tenant_active", "workflows", ["tenant_id", "is_active"])
+    op.create_index("ix_workflows_tenant_trigger", "workflows", ["tenant_id", "trigger_event"])
+
+    # --- workflow_instances table (tenant-scoped) ---
+    op.create_table(
+        "workflow_instances",
+        sa.Column("id", postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True),
+        sa.Column("tenant_id", postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), sa.ForeignKey("tenants.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("workflow_id", postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), sa.ForeignKey("workflows.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("status", sa.String(30), nullable=False, server_default="pending"),
+        sa.Column("current_step_index", sa.Integer, nullable=False, server_default="0"),
+        sa.Column("context", postgresql.JSONB, nullable=False, server_default=sa.text("'{}'::jsonb")),
+        sa.Column("initiated_by", postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), sa.ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="SET NULL"), nullable=True),
+        sa.Column("completed_at", sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True),
+        sa.Column("timeout_hours", sa.Integer, nullable=True),
+        sa.Column("timeout_at", sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True),
+        sa.Column("created_at", sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=sa.func.now()),
+        sa.Column("updated_at", sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=sa.func.now()),
+    )
+    op.create_index("ix_wf_instances_tenant_id", "workflow_instances", ["tenant_id"])
+    op.create_index("ix_wf_instances_tenant_status", "workflow_instances", ["tenant_id", "status"])
+    op.create_index("ix_wf_instances_tenant_workflow", "workflow_instances", ["tenant_id", "workflow_id"])
+    op.create_index("ix_wf_instances_workflow_id", "workflow_instances", ["workflow_id"])
+
+    # --- workflow_step_history table (tenant-scoped) ---
+    op.create_table(
+        "workflow_step_history",
+        sa.Column("id", postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True),
+        sa.Column("tenant_id", postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), sa.ForeignKey("tenants.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("instance_id", postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), sa.ForeignKey("workflow_instances.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("step_index", sa.Integer, nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("step_type", sa.String(50), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("action", sa.String(50), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("actor_id", postgresql.UUID(as_uuid=True), sa.ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="SET NULL"), nullable=True),
+        sa.Column("details", postgresql.JSONB, nullable=True),
+        sa.Column("created_at", sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=sa.func.now()),
+        sa.Column("updated_at", sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False, server_default=sa.func.now()),
+    )
+    op.create_index("ix_wf_step_history_tenant_id", "workflow_step_history", ["tenant_id"])
+    op.create_index("ix_wf_step_history_tenant_instance", "workflow_step_history", ["tenant_id", "instance_id"])
+    op.create_index("ix_wf_step_history_instance_id", "workflow_step_history", ["instance_id"])
+
+    # --- RLS Policies ---
+    for table in ["ai_conversations", "ai_messages", "workflows", "workflow_instances", "workflow_step_history"]:
+        op.execute(f"ALTER TABLE {table} ENABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;")
+        op.execute(
+            f"CREATE POLICY {table}_tenant_isolation ON {table} "
+            f"USING (tenant_id::text = current_setting('app.current_tenant_id', true));"
+        )
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    for table in ["workflow_step_history", "workflow_instances", "workflows", "ai_messages", "ai_conversations"]:
+        op.execute(f"DROP POLICY IF EXISTS {table}_tenant_isolation ON {table};")
+        op.execute(f"ALTER TABLE {table} DISABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;")
+        op.drop_table(table)

app/ai/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"""AI Copilot modules — LLM client and action mapper."""

app/ai/action_mapper.py

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+"""Action mapper — maps natural language intents to proposed API calls.
+
+Used by the mock LLM client for test mode and as a fallback.
+Supports keyword-based intent detection for common CRM operations.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import re
+from typing import Any
+
+
+# Precompiled patterns for intent detection
+_PATTERNS = {
+    'create_company': re.compile(r'\b(create|add|new)\b.*\b(company|firm|organization|organisation)\b', re.IGNORECASE),
+    'delete_company': re.compile(r'\b(delete|remove)\b.*\b(company|firm)\b', re.IGNORECASE),
+    'update_company': re.compile(r'\b(update|edit|modify|change)\b.*\b(company|firm)\b', re.IGNORECASE),
+    'list_company': re.compile(r'\b(list|show|find|search|get|display)\b.*\b(compan|firm)\b', re.IGNORECASE),
+    'list_company2': re.compile(r'\bcompan.*\b(list|all)\b', re.IGNORECASE),
+    'create_contact': re.compile(r'\b(create|add|new)\b.*\b(contact|person)\b', re.IGNORECASE),
+    'list_contact': re.compile(r'\b(list|show|find|search|get|display)\b.*\b(contact|person)\b', re.IGNORECASE),
+    'list_workflow': re.compile(r'\b(list|show|get|display)\b.*\b(workflow)\b', re.IGNORECASE),
+    'create_workflow': re.compile(r'\b(create|new|add)\b.*\b(workflow)\b', re.IGNORECASE),
+    'help': re.compile(r'\b(help|what can you do|assist)\b', re.IGNORECASE),
+}
+
+# Name extraction patterns - using single-quoted strings to avoid escaping issues
+_NAME_PATTERNS = [
+    re.compile(r"\b(?:named|called|for)\s+['\"]?([^'\".,]+)['\"]?", re.IGNORECASE),
+    re.compile(r"\bcompany\s+['\"]?([^'\".,]+)['\"]?", re.IGNORECASE),
+    re.compile(r"\bcontact\s+['\"]?([^'\".,]+)['\"]?", re.IGNORECASE),
+    re.compile(r"\bworkflow\s+['\"]?([^'\".,]+)['\"]?", re.IGNORECASE),
+    re.compile(r"\bfirm\s+['\"]?([^'\".,]+)['\"]?", re.IGNORECASE),
+    re.compile(r"\bperson\s+['\"]?([^'\".,]+)['\"]?", re.IGNORECASE),
+]
+
+# Field extraction patterns
+_INDUSTRY_PAT = re.compile(r"industry\s+(?:to|:)?\s+['\"]?([^'\".,]+)['\"]?", re.IGNORECASE)
+_NAME_UPDATE_PAT = re.compile(r"(?:name|rename)\s+(?:to|:)?\s+['\"]?([^'\".,]+)['\"]?", re.IGNORECASE)
+_PHONE_PAT = re.compile(r"phone\s+(?:to|:)?\s+['\"]?([^'\".,]+)['\"]?", re.IGNORECASE)
+_EMAIL_PAT = re.compile(r"email\s+(?:to|:)?\s+['\"]?([^'\".,]+)['\"]?", re.IGNORECASE)
+_SEARCH_PAT = re.compile(r"\b(?:named|called|matching|with name)\s+['\"]?([^'\".,]+)['\"]?", re.IGNORECASE)
+
+
+def map_query_to_actions(query: str, context: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    """Map a natural language query to proposed API actions.
+
+    Uses keyword matching to detect intents. Returns a list of proposed
+    action dictionaries with method, path, body, description, and confidence.
+    """
+    context = context or {}
+    q = query.lower().strip()
+    actions: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+
+    # --- Company intents ---
+    if _PATTERNS['create_company'].search(q):
+        name = _extract_name(query)
+        actions.append({
+            'method': 'POST',
+            'path': '/api/v1/companies',
+            'body': {'name': name or 'New Company'},
+            'description': f"Create a new company named '{name or 'New Company'}'",
+            'confidence': 0.9,
+        })
+
+    elif _PATTERNS['delete_company'].search(q):
+        entity_id = context.get('company_id') or context.get('entity_id')
+        if entity_id:
+            actions.append({
+                'method': 'DELETE',
+                'path': f'/api/v1/companies/{entity_id}',
+                'body': None,
+                'description': f'Delete company {entity_id}',
+                'confidence': 0.9,
+            })
+        else:
+            actions.append({
+                'method': 'DELETE',
+                'path': '/api/v1/companies/{id}',
+                'body': None,
+                'description': 'Delete a company (requires company ID in context or selection)',
+                'confidence': 0.5,
+            })
+
+    elif _PATTERNS['update_company'].search(q):
+        entity_id = context.get('company_id') or context.get('entity_id')
+        path = f'/api/v1/companies/{entity_id}' if entity_id else '/api/v1/companies/{id}'
+        actions.append({
+            'method': 'PATCH',
+            'path': path,
+            'body': _extract_update_fields(query),
+            'description': 'Update company information',
+            'confidence': 0.8,
+        })
+
+    elif _PATTERNS['list_company'].search(q) or _PATTERNS['list_company2'].search(q):
+        search_term = _extract_search_term(query)
+        desc = 'List companies'
+        if search_term:
+            desc += f" matching '{search_term}'"
+        actions.append({
+            'method': 'GET',
+            'path': '/api/v1/companies',
+            'body': None,
+            'description': desc,
+            'confidence': 0.85,
+        })
+
+    # --- Contact intents ---
+    elif _PATTERNS['create_contact'].search(q):
+        name = _extract_name(query)
+        actions.append({
+            'method': 'POST',
+            'path': '/api/v1/contacts',
+            'body': {'name': name or 'New Contact'},
+            'description': f"Create a new contact named '{name or 'New Contact'}'",
+            'confidence': 0.9,
+        })
+
+    elif _PATTERNS['list_contact'].search(q):
+        actions.append({
+            'method': 'GET',
+            'path': '/api/v1/contacts',
+            'body': None,
+            'description': 'List contacts',
+            'confidence': 0.85,
+        })
+
+    # --- Workflow intents ---
+    elif _PATTERNS['list_workflow'].search(q):
+        actions.append({
+            'method': 'GET',
+            'path': '/api/v1/workflows',
+            'body': None,
+            'description': 'List workflows',
+            'confidence': 0.85,
+        })
+
+    elif _PATTERNS['create_workflow'].search(q):
+        name = _extract_name(query)
+        actions.append({
+            'method': 'POST',
+            'path': '/api/v1/workflows',
+            'body': {'name': name or 'New Workflow', 'steps': []},
+            'description': 'Create a new workflow',
+            'confidence': 0.8,
+        })
+
+    # --- Generic fallback ---
+    if not actions:
+        if _PATTERNS['help'].search(q):
+            actions.append({
+                'method': 'GET',
+                'path': '/api/v1/companies',
+                'body': None,
+                'description': 'Show available companies (demonstration action)',
+                'confidence': 0.3,
+            })
+
+    return actions
+
+
+def _extract_name(query: str) -> str | None:
+    """Extract a name from the query, looking for 'named X', 'called X', 'for X'."""
+    for pat in _NAME_PATTERNS:
+        match = pat.search(query)
+        if match:
+            return match.group(1).strip()
+    return None
+
+
+def _extract_search_term(query: str) -> str | None:
+    """Extract a search term from the query."""
+    match = _SEARCH_PAT.search(query)
+    if match:
+        return match.group(1).strip()
+    return None
+
+
+def _extract_update_fields(query: str) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Extract fields to update from the query."""
+    fields: dict[str, Any] = {}
+    if re.search(r'\bindustry\b', query, re.IGNORECASE):
+        match = _INDUSTRY_PAT.search(query)
+        if match:
+            fields['industry'] = match.group(1).strip()
+    if re.search(r'\b(name|rename)\b', query, re.IGNORECASE):
+        match = _NAME_UPDATE_PAT.search(query)
+        if match:
+            fields['name'] = match.group(1).strip()
+    if re.search(r'\bphone\b', query, re.IGNORECASE):
+        match = _PHONE_PAT.search(query)
+        if match:
+            fields['phone'] = match.group(1).strip()
+    if re.search(r'\bemail\b', query, re.IGNORECASE):
+        match = _EMAIL_PAT.search(query)
+        if match:
+            fields['email'] = match.group(1).strip()
+    return fields or {'name': 'Updated Name'}

app/ai/llm_client.py

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+"""Configurable LLM client — supports OpenAI-compatible API or mock/stub mode.
+
+Reads AI_MODEL and AI_API_KEY from environment. If not set, uses mock mode
+which returns predefined actions based on keyword matching. This allows
+tests to run without external API dependencies.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import os
+import json
+import logging
+from typing import Any
+
+import httpx
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class LLMResponse:
+    """Structured LLM response containing proposed actions."""
+
+    def __init__(self, message: str, proposed_actions: list[dict[str, Any]], confidence: float = 0.8):
+        self.message = message
+        self.proposed_actions = proposed_actions
+        self.confidence = confidence
+
+    def to_dict(self) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        return {
+            "message": self.message,
+            "proposed_actions": self.proposed_actions,
+            "confidence": self.confidence,
+        }
+
+
+class LLMClient:
+    """LLM client that translates natural language to proposed API actions.
+
+    Modes:
+    - If AI_MODEL and AI_API_KEY are set: calls OpenAI-compatible chat completions API
+    - Otherwise: mock/stub mode with keyword-based action mapping
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, model: str | None = None, api_key: str | None = None, api_base: str | None = None):
+        self.model = model or os.environ.get("AI_MODEL", "")
+        self.api_key = api_key or os.environ.get("AI_API_KEY", "")
+        self.api_base = api_base or os.environ.get("AI_API_BASE", "https://api.openai.com/v1")
+        self.is_mock = not bool(self.model and self.api_key)
+
+    async def generate(self, user_query: str, context: dict[str, Any] | None = None) -> LLMResponse:
+        """Generate proposed actions from natural language query.
+
+        Args:
+            user_query: Natural language input from user
+            context: Optional context (e.g. current page, selected entity)
+
+        Returns:
+            LLMResponse with message and proposed_actions list
+        """
+        if self.is_mock:
+            return await self._mock_generate(user_query, context or {})
+        return await self._api_generate(user_query, context or {})
+
+    async def _mock_generate(self, query: str, context: dict[str, Any]) -> LLMResponse:
+        """Mock/stub mode — keyword-based action mapping for tests."""
+        from app.ai.action_mapper import map_query_to_actions
+
+        actions = map_query_to_actions(query, context)
+        if actions:
+            return LLMResponse(
+                message=f"I found {len(actions)} possible action(s) based on your request.",
+                proposed_actions=actions,
+                confidence=0.85,
+            )
+        return LLMResponse(
+            message="I couldn't determine a specific action from your request. Could you be more specific?",
+            proposed_actions=[],
+            confidence=0.3,
+        )
+
+    async def _api_generate(self, query: str, context: dict[str, Any]) -> LLMResponse:
+        """Call OpenAI-compatible chat completions API.
+
+        Sends a system prompt explaining the available API endpoints and asks
+        the LLM to propose actions in structured JSON format.
+        """
+        system_prompt = self._build_system_prompt(context)
+        user_prompt = f"User request: {query}\n\nRespond with proposed actions as JSON."
+
+        headers = {
+            "Authorization": f"Bearer {self.api_key}",
+            "Content-Type": "application/json",
+        }
+        body = {
+            "model": self.model,
+            "messages": [
+                {"role": "system", "content": system_prompt},
+                {"role": "user", "content": user_prompt},
+            ],
+            "temperature": 0.3,
+            "max_tokens": 1000,
+        }
+
+        async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=30.0) as client:
+            resp = await client.post(
+                f"{self.api_base}/chat/completions",
+                headers=headers,
+                json=body,
+            )
+            resp.raise_for_status()
+            data = resp.json()
+
+        content = data["choices"][0]["message"]["content"]
+        return self._parse_llm_response(content)
+
+    def _build_system_prompt(self, context: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
+        """Build system prompt describing available API actions."""
+        available_apis = [
+            {"method": "GET", "path": "/api/v1/companies", "description": "List companies"},
+            {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/v1/companies", "description": "Create a company"},
+            {"method": "GET", "path": "/api/v1/companies/{id}", "description": "Get company details"},
+            {"method": "PATCH", "path": "/api/v1/companies/{id}", "description": "Update a company"},
+            {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/v1/companies/{id}", "description": "Delete a company"},
+            {"method": "GET", "path": "/api/v1/contacts", "description": "List contacts"},
+            {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/v1/contacts", "description": "Create a contact"},
+            {"method": "GET", "path": "/api/v1/workflows", "description": "List workflows"},
+            {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/v1/workflows", "description": "Create a workflow"},
+        ]
+        context_str = json.dumps(context) if context else "{}"
+        return (
+            "You are an AI copilot for LeoCRM. Based on the user's natural language request, "
+            "propose one or more API actions. Always respond with a JSON object containing: "
+            '"message": a human-readable summary, '
+            '"proposed_actions": an array of {method, path, body, description, confidence}. '
+            f"Available API endpoints: {json.dumps(available_apis)}. "
+            f"Current context: {context_str}. "
+            "Never execute actions directly — only propose them for user confirmation."
+        )
+
+    def _parse_llm_response(self, content: str) -> LLMResponse:
+        """Parse LLM JSON response into LLMResponse."""
+        try:
+            parsed = json.loads(content)
+            return LLMResponse(
+                message=parsed.get("message", "Here are the proposed actions."),
+                proposed_actions=parsed.get("proposed_actions", []),
+                confidence=parsed.get("confidence", 0.8),
+            )
+        except (json.JSONDecodeError, KeyError):
+            logger.warning("Failed to parse LLM response as JSON: %s", content[:200])
+            return LLMResponse(
+                message=content,
+                proposed_actions=[],
+                confidence=0.3,
+            )
+
+
+# Global client instance
+_client: LLMClient | None = None
+
+
+def get_llm_client() -> LLMClient:
+    """Get or create the global LLM client instance."""
+    global _client
+    if _client is None:
+        _client = LLMClient()
+    return _client
+
+
+def reset_llm_client() -> None:
+    """Reset the global client (for testing)."""
+    global _client
+    _client = None

app/core/event_bus.py

@@ -39,3 +39,13 @@ _event_bus = EventBus()
 def get_event_bus() -> EventBus:
     """Get the global event bus."""
     return _event_bus
+
+
+def register_workflow_event_handlers() -> None:
+    """Register workflow event handlers on the global event bus.
+
+    Subscribes to events that can trigger workflows (user.created, etc.).
+    Should be called during application startup.
+    """
+    from app.workflows.engine import register_workflow_event_handlers as _register
+    _register()

app/main.py

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ from app.core.middleware import CSRFMiddleware
 from app.core.db import close_engine, get_engine
 from app.core.service_container import get_container
 from app.plugins.registry import get_registry
-from app.routes import auth, users, roles, tenants, health, notifications, companies, contacts, import_export, plugins
+from app.routes import auth, users, roles, tenants, health, notifications, companies, contacts, import_export, plugins, ai_copilot, workflows
 
 
 @asynccontextmanager
@@ -57,6 +57,8 @@ def create_app() -> FastAPI:
     app.include_router(contacts.router)
     app.include_router(import_export.router)
     app.include_router(plugins.router)
+    app.include_router(ai_copilot.router)
+    app.include_router(workflows.router)
 
     return app
 

app/models/__init__.py

@@ -18,3 +18,15 @@ __all__ = [
     "Contact", "CompanyContact",
     "Plugin", "PluginMigration",
 ]
+from app.models.ai_conversation import AIConversation, AIMessage
+from app.models.workflow import Workflow, WorkflowInstance, WorkflowStepHistory
+
+__all__ = [
+    "Tenant", "User", "UserTenant", "Role", "Session",
+    "AuditLog", "DeletionLog", "Notification",
+    "PasswordResetToken", "ApiToken", "Company",
+    "Contact", "CompanyContact",
+    "Plugin", "PluginMigration",
+    "AIConversation", "AIMessage",
+    "Workflow", "WorkflowInstance", "WorkflowStepHistory",
+]

app/models/ai_conversation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+"""AI Conversation and Message models — tenant-scoped with RLS."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Any
+
+from sqlalchemy import String, Text, DateTime, ForeignKey, func, Index, Integer
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import UUID as PGUUID, JSONB
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.core.db import Base, TenantMixin
+
+
+class AIConversation(Base, TenantMixin):
+    """AI Copilot conversation thread — tenant-scoped."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "ai_conversations"
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index("ix_ai_conversations_tenant_user", "tenant_id", "user_id"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        PGUUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4
+    )
+    user_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        PGUUID(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False, index=True
+    )
+    title: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False, default="Untitled")
+    context: Mapped[dict[str, Any]] = mapped_column(JSONB, default=dict, nullable=False)
+
+
+class AIMessage(Base, TenantMixin):
+    """Individual messages within an AI conversation — user input, AI response, actions."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "ai_messages"
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index("ix_ai_messages_tenant_conversation", "tenant_id", "conversation_id"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        PGUUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4
+    )
+    conversation_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        PGUUID(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("ai_conversations.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False, index=True
+    )
+    role: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(20), nullable=False)  # user, assistant, system
+    content: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=False)
+    proposed_actions: Mapped[list[dict[str, Any]] | None] = mapped_column(JSONB, nullable=True)
+    executed_action: Mapped[dict[str, Any] | None] = mapped_column(JSONB, nullable=True)
+    execution_result: Mapped[dict[str, Any] | None] = mapped_column(JSONB, nullable=True)
+    message_index: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False, default=0)

app/models/workflow.py

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+"""Workflow, WorkflowInstance, and WorkflowStepHistory models — tenant-scoped with RLS."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Any
+
+from sqlalchemy import String, Text, DateTime, ForeignKey, func, Index, Integer, Boolean
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import UUID as PGUUID, JSONB
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
+
+from app.core.db import Base, TenantMixin
+
+
+class Workflow(Base, TenantMixin):
+    """Workflow definition — a template of steps stored as JSONB, tenant-scoped."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "workflows"
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index("ix_workflows_tenant_active", "tenant_id", "is_active"),
+        Index("ix_workflows_tenant_trigger", "tenant_id", "trigger_event"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        PGUUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4
+    )
+    name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(200), nullable=False)
+    description: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    trigger_event: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(100), nullable=True)
+    steps: Mapped[list[dict[str, Any]]] = mapped_column(JSONB, nullable=False)
+    is_active: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=False, default=True)
+    created_by: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(
+        PGUUID(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="SET NULL"), nullable=True
+    )
+
+
+class WorkflowInstance(Base, TenantMixin):
+    """A running instance of a workflow — tracks current step, status, context."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "workflow_instances"
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index("ix_wf_instances_tenant_status", "tenant_id", "status"),
+        Index("ix_wf_instances_tenant_workflow", "tenant_id", "workflow_id"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        PGUUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4
+    )
+    workflow_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        PGUUID(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("workflows.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False, index=True
+    )
+    status: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(30), nullable=False, default="pending")
+    # pending → in_progress → completed / rejected / cancelled
+    current_step_index: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False, default=0)
+    context: Mapped[dict[str, Any]] = mapped_column(JSONB, default=dict, nullable=False)
+    initiated_by: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(
+        PGUUID(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="SET NULL"), nullable=True
+    )
+    completed_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True
+    )
+    timeout_hours: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=True)
+    timeout_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True
+    )
+
+
+class WorkflowStepHistory(Base, TenantMixin):
+    """Immutable record of every step transition in a workflow instance."""
+
+    __tablename__ = "workflow_step_history"
+    __table_args__ = (
+        Index("ix_wf_step_history_tenant_instance", "tenant_id", "instance_id"),
+    )
+
+    id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        PGUUID(as_uuid=True), primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4
+    )
+    instance_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID] = mapped_column(
+        PGUUID(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("workflow_instances.id", ondelete="CASCADE"), nullable=False, index=True
+    )
+    step_index: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False)
+    step_type: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(50), nullable=False)
+    action: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(50), nullable=False)  # entered, approved, rejected, skipped, cancelled
+    actor_id: Mapped[uuid.UUID | None] = mapped_column(
+        PGUUID(as_uuid=True), ForeignKey("users.id", ondelete="SET NULL"), nullable=True
+    )
+    details: Mapped[dict[str, Any] | None] = mapped_column(JSONB, nullable=True)

app/routes/__init__.py

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 """Routes package."""
 
-from app.routes import auth, users, roles, tenants, health, notifications, companies, contacts, import_export, plugins
+from app.routes import auth, users, roles, tenants, health, notifications, companies, contacts, import_export, plugins, ai_copilot, workflows

app/routes/ai_copilot.py

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+"""AI Copilot routes — query, execute, history."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import uuid
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, status
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.core.auth import check_permission
+from app.core.db import get_db
+from app.deps import get_current_user
+from app.schemas.ai_copilot import (
+    CopilotQueryRequest,
+    CopilotExecuteRequest,
+)
+from app.services import ai_copilot_service
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/v1/ai/copilot", tags=["ai-copilot"])
+
+
+@router.post("/query")
+async def copilot_query(
+    body: CopilotQueryRequest,
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+    current_user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """Process a natural language query and return proposed actions.
+
+    Returns proposed_actions array for user confirmation.
+    Does NOT execute any actions — user must call /execute to confirm.
+    """
+    tenant_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["tenant_id"])
+    user_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["user_id"])
+
+    result = await ai_copilot_service.process_query(
+        db, tenant_id, user_id,
+        query=body.query,
+        conversation_id=body.conversation_id,
+        context=body.context,
+    )
+
+    if "error" in result and result.get("status_code") == 404:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail={"detail": result["error"], "code": "conversation_not_found"},
+        )
+
+    return result
+
+
+@router.post("/execute")
+async def copilot_execute(
+    body: CopilotExecuteRequest,
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+    current_user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """Execute a proposed action after user confirmation.
+
+    RBAC is enforced — the user must have permission for the action.
+    Returns 200 with execution result or 403 if RBAC blocks.
+    """
+    tenant_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["tenant_id"])
+    user_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["user_id"])
+    role = current_user.get("role", "viewer")
+
+    result = await ai_copilot_service.execute_action(
+        db, tenant_id, user_id, role,
+        conversation_id=body.conversation_id,
+        action=body.action.model_dump(),
+    )
+
+    if result.get("status_code") == 404:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail={"detail": result.get("error", "Not found"), "code": "not_found"},
+        )
+
+    if result.get("status_code") == 403:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+            detail={"detail": result.get("error", "Insufficient permissions"), "code": "forbidden"},
+        )
+
+    return result
+
+
+@router.get("/history")
+async def copilot_history(
+    page: int = Query(1, ge=1),
+    page_size: int = Query(20, ge=1, le=100),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+    current_user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """Get paginated conversation history for the current user."""
+    tenant_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["tenant_id"])
+    user_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["user_id"])
+
+    return await ai_copilot_service.get_history(
+        db, tenant_id, user_id,
+        page=page, page_size=page_size,
+    )

app/routes/workflows.py

@@ -0,0 +1,249 @@
+"""Workflow routes — CRUD, instance lifecycle, advance/cancel."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import uuid
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Response, status
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.core.auth import check_permission
+from app.core.db import get_db
+from app.deps import get_current_user
+from app.schemas.workflow import WorkflowCreate, WorkflowUpdate, InstanceCreate, AdvanceRequest
+from app.services import workflow_service
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/v1/workflows", tags=["workflows"])
+
+
+# ─── Workflow CRUD ───
+
+@router.get("")
+async def list_workflows(
+    page: int = Query(1, ge=1),
+    page_size: int = Query(20, ge=1, le=100),
+    is_active: bool | None = Query(None),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+    current_user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """List workflows with pagination."""
+    tenant_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["tenant_id"])
+    return await workflow_service.list_workflows(
+        db, tenant_id,
+        page=page, page_size=page_size,
+        is_active=is_active,
+    )
+
+
+@router.post("", status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+async def create_workflow(
+    body: WorkflowCreate,
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+    current_user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """Create a new workflow definition. Requires write permission."""
+    tenant_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["tenant_id"])
+    user_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["user_id"])
+    role = current_user.get("role", "viewer")
+
+    if not check_permission(role, "workflows", "create"):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+            detail={"detail": "Insufficient permissions", "code": "forbidden"},
+        )
+
+    data = body.model_dump()
+    return await workflow_service.create_workflow(db, tenant_id, user_id, data)
+
+
+@router.get("/instances")
+async def list_instances(
+    page: int = Query(1, ge=1),
+    page_size: int = Query(20, ge=1, le=100),
+    status: str | None = Query(None),
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+    current_user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """List workflow instances with optional status filter."""
+    tenant_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["tenant_id"])
+    return await workflow_service.list_instances(
+        db, tenant_id,
+        page=page, page_size=page_size,
+        status_filter=status,
+    )
+
+
+@router.get("/{workflow_id}")
+async def get_workflow(
+    workflow_id: str,
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+    current_user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """Get a single workflow by ID."""
+    tenant_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["tenant_id"])
+    result = await workflow_service.get_workflow(db, tenant_id, workflow_id)
+    if result is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail={"detail": "Workflow not found", "code": "not_found"},
+        )
+    return result
+
+
+@router.patch("/{workflow_id}")
+async def update_workflow(
+    workflow_id: str,
+    body: WorkflowUpdate,
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+    current_user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """Update a workflow definition."""
+    tenant_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["tenant_id"])
+    user_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["user_id"])
+    role = current_user.get("role", "viewer")
+
+    if not check_permission(role, "workflows", "update"):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+            detail={"detail": "Insufficient permissions", "code": "forbidden"},
+        )
+
+    data = body.model_dump(exclude_unset=True)
+    result = await workflow_service.update_workflow(db, tenant_id, user_id, workflow_id, data)
+    if result is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail={"detail": "Workflow not found", "code": "not_found"},
+        )
+    return result
+
+
+@router.delete("/{workflow_id}", status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)
+async def delete_workflow(
+    workflow_id: str,
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+    current_user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """Delete a workflow definition."""
+    tenant_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["tenant_id"])
+    user_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["user_id"])
+    role = current_user.get("role", "viewer")
+
+    if not check_permission(role, "workflows", "delete"):
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
+            detail={"detail": "Insufficient permissions", "code": "forbidden"},
+        )
+
+    deleted = await workflow_service.delete_workflow(db, tenant_id, user_id, workflow_id)
+    if not deleted:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail={"detail": "Workflow not found", "code": "not_found"},
+        )
+    return Response(status_code=status.HTTP_204_NO_CONTENT)
+
+
+# ─── Instance endpoints ───
+
+@router.post("/{workflow_id}/instances", status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
+async def create_instance(
+    workflow_id: str,
+    body: InstanceCreate,
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+    current_user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """Create a new workflow instance."""
+    tenant_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["tenant_id"])
+    user_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["user_id"])
+
+    result = await workflow_service.create_instance(
+        db, tenant_id, user_id,
+        workflow_id=workflow_id,
+        context=body.context,
+        timeout_hours=body.timeout_hours,
+    )
+    if result is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail={"detail": "Workflow not found", "code": "not_found"},
+        )
+    return result
+
+
+@router.get("/instances/{instance_id}")
+async def get_instance(
+    instance_id: str,
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+    current_user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """Get a workflow instance with step history."""
+    tenant_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["tenant_id"])
+    result = await workflow_service.get_instance(db, tenant_id, instance_id)
+    if result is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail={"detail": "Instance not found", "code": "not_found"},
+        )
+    return result
+
+
+@router.post("/instances/{instance_id}/advance")
+async def advance_instance(
+    instance_id: str,
+    body: AdvanceRequest,
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+    current_user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """Advance or reject a workflow instance step.
+
+    Body decision: "approve" or "reject".
+    Returns 200 with updated instance.
+    """
+    tenant_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["tenant_id"])
+    user_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["user_id"])
+
+    result = await workflow_service.advance_instance(
+        db, tenant_id, user_id,
+        instance_id=instance_id,
+        decision=body.decision,
+        comment=body.comment,
+    )
+    if result is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail={"detail": "Instance not found", "code": "not_found"},
+        )
+    if "error" in result:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail={"detail": result["error"], "code": "invalid_state"},
+        )
+    return result
+
+
+@router.post("/instances/{instance_id}/cancel")
+async def cancel_instance(
+    instance_id: str,
+    db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
+    current_user: dict = Depends(get_current_user),
+):
+    """Cancel a workflow instance. Returns 200 with cancelled instance."""
+    tenant_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["tenant_id"])
+    user_id = uuid.UUID(current_user["user_id"])
+
+    result = await workflow_service.cancel_instance(
+        db, tenant_id, user_id,
+        instance_id=instance_id,
+    )
+    if result is None:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_404_NOT_FOUND,
+            detail={"detail": "Instance not found", "code": "not_found"},
+        )
+    if "error" in result:
+        raise HTTPException(
+            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
+            detail={"detail": result["error"], "code": "invalid_state"},
+        )
+    return result

app/schemas/__init__.py

@@ -1,3 +1,13 @@
 """Pydantic schemas package."""
 
 from app.schemas.plugin import PluginInfo, PluginListResponse, PluginActionResponse, PluginUninstallResponse
+from app.schemas.ai_copilot import (
+    CopilotQueryRequest, CopilotAction, CopilotQueryResponse,
+    CopilotExecuteRequest, CopilotExecuteResponse,
+    CopilotHistoryResponse, CopilotMessageResponse,
+)
+from app.schemas.workflow import (
+    WorkflowCreate, WorkflowUpdate, WorkflowResponse, WorkflowListResponse,
+    InstanceCreate, InstanceResponse, InstanceDetailResponse, InstanceListResponse,
+    AdvanceRequest, StepHistoryResponse, WorkflowStep,
+)

app/schemas/ai_copilot.py

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+"""AI Copilot schemas — query, execute, history."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+
+class CopilotQueryRequest(BaseModel):
+    """Natural language query to the AI copilot."""
+    query: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=2000)
+    conversation_id: str | None = None
+    context: dict = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+
+class CopilotAction(BaseModel):
+    """A proposed API action derived from NL input."""
+    method: str = Field(..., pattern="^(GET|POST|PATCH|DELETE)$")
+    path: str = Field(..., min_length=1)
+    body: dict | None = None
+    description: str = ""
+    confidence: float = Field(0.0, ge=0.0, le=1.0)
+
+
+class CopilotQueryResponse(BaseModel):
+    """Response from copilot query — proposed actions for user confirmation."""
+    conversation_id: str
+    message: str
+    proposed_actions: list[CopilotAction] = Field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class CopilotExecuteRequest(BaseModel):
+    """Execute a proposed action after user confirmation."""
+    conversation_id: str
+    action: CopilotAction
+
+
+class CopilotExecuteResponse(BaseModel):
+    """Result of executing a proposed action."""
+    conversation_id: str
+    success: bool
+    status_code: int
+    data: dict | list | None = None
+    error: str | None = None
+
+
+class CopilotMessageResponse(BaseModel):
+    """A single message in conversation history."""
+    id: str
+    role: str
+    content: str
+    proposed_actions: list[dict] | None = None
+    executed_action: dict | None = None
+    execution_result: dict | None = None
+    created_at: str | None = None
+
+
+class CopilotHistoryResponse(BaseModel):
+    """Paginated conversation history."""
+    items: list[CopilotMessageResponse]
+    total: int
+    page: int
+    page_size: int

app/schemas/workflow.py

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+"""Workflow schemas — create, update, read, instance lifecycle, step history."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+
+class WorkflowStep(BaseModel):
+    """A single step in a workflow definition."""
+    name: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=200)
+    type: str = Field(..., pattern="^(action|approval|notification|condition)$")
+    config: dict = Field(default_factory=dict)
+    description: str | None = None
+
+
+class WorkflowCreate(BaseModel):
+    """Create a new workflow definition."""
+    name: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=200)
+    description: str | None = None
+    trigger_event: str | None = None
+    steps: list[WorkflowStep] = Field(..., min_length=1)
+    is_active: bool = True
+
+
+class WorkflowUpdate(BaseModel):
+    """Update an existing workflow definition."""
+    name: str | None = Field(None, max_length=200)
+    description: str | None = None
+    trigger_event: str | None = None
+    steps: list[WorkflowStep] | None = None
+    is_active: bool | None = None
+
+
+class WorkflowResponse(BaseModel):
+    """Workflow definition response."""
+    id: str
+    name: str
+    description: str | None = None
+    trigger_event: str | None = None
+    steps: list[dict]
+    is_active: bool
+    created_by: str | None = None
+    created_at: str | None = None
+    updated_at: str | None = None
+
+
+class WorkflowListResponse(BaseModel):
+    """Paginated workflow list."""
+    items: list[WorkflowResponse]
+    total: int
+    page: int
+    page_size: int
+
+
+class InstanceCreate(BaseModel):
+    """Create a new workflow instance."""
+    context: dict = Field(default_factory=dict)
+    timeout_hours: int | None = None
+
+
+class InstanceResponse(BaseModel):
+    """Workflow instance response with current state and history."""
+    id: str
+    workflow_id: str
+    status: str
+    current_step_index: int
+    context: dict
+    initiated_by: str | None = None
+    completed_at: str | None = None
+    timeout_hours: int | None = None
+    timeout_at: str | None = None
+    created_at: str | None = None
+    updated_at: str | None = None
+
+
+class InstanceDetailResponse(InstanceResponse):
+    """Instance with step history."""
+    history: list[dict] = Field(default_factory=list)
+    workflow_name: str | None = None
+
+
+class InstanceListResponse(BaseModel):
+    """Paginated instance list."""
+    items: list[InstanceResponse]
+    total: int
+    page: int
+    page_size: int
+
+
+class AdvanceRequest(BaseModel):
+    """Advance or reject a workflow instance step."""
+    decision: str = Field(..., pattern="^(approve|reject)$")
+    comment: str | None = None
+
+
+class StepHistoryResponse(BaseModel):
+    """Step history entry."""
+    id: str
+    instance_id: str
+    step_index: int
+    step_type: str
+    action: str
+    actor_id: str | None = None
+    details: dict | None = None
+    created_at: str | None = None

app/services/__init__.py

@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
 """Service layer package."""
 
 from app.services.plugin_service import PluginService, get_plugin_service
+from app.services.ai_copilot_service import (
+    process_query as copilot_process_query,
+    execute_action as copilot_execute_action,
+    get_history as copilot_get_history,
+)
+from app.services.workflow_service import (
+    create_workflow, list_workflows, get_workflow,
+    update_workflow, delete_workflow,
+    create_instance, list_instances, get_instance,
+    advance_instance, cancel_instance,
+    check_timeout, auto_reject_timeout,
+    find_workflows_for_event, start_instance_for_event,
+)

app/services/ai_copilot_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,507 @@
+"""AI Copilot service — NL query processing, action execution, RBAC, audit logging."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from typing import Any
+
+from sqlalchemy import select, func, desc, and_
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.ai.llm_client import get_llm_client
+from app.core.audit import log_audit
+from app.core.auth import check_permission, filter_fields_by_permission
+from app.models.ai_conversation import AIConversation, AIMessage
+from app.models.company import Company
+from app.models.contact import Contact
+from app.models.workflow import Workflow
+
+
+def _safe_iso(dt) -> str | None:
+    if dt is None:
+        return None
+    try:
+        return dt.isoformat() if hasattr(dt, "isoformat") else None
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+
+def _get_attr(obj, name, default=None):
+    try:
+        val = getattr(obj, name)
+        return val if val is not None else default
+    except Exception:
+        return default
+
+
+def _conversation_to_dict(c: AIConversation) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "id": str(c.id),
+        "title": c.title,
+        "context": c.context,
+        "created_at": _safe_iso(_get_attr(c, "created_at")),
+        "updated_at": _safe_iso(_get_attr(c, "updated_at")),
+    }
+
+
+def _message_to_dict(m: AIMessage) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "id": str(m.id),
+        "role": m.role,
+        "content": m.content,
+        "proposed_actions": m.proposed_actions,
+        "executed_action": m.executed_action,
+        "execution_result": m.execution_result,
+        "created_at": _safe_iso(_get_attr(m, "created_at")),
+    }
+
+
+async def process_query(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    user_id: uuid.UUID,
+    query: str,
+    conversation_id: str | None = None,
+    context: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Process a natural language query and return proposed actions.
+
+    1. Get or create conversation
+    2. Store user message
+    3. Call LLM client (mock or real) to get proposed actions
+    4. Store assistant message with proposed actions
+    5. Return response with conversation_id and proposed_actions
+    """
+    context = context or {}
+
+    # Get or create conversation
+    if conversation_id:
+        conv_uuid = uuid.UUID(conversation_id)
+        result = await db.execute(
+            select(AIConversation).where(
+                AIConversation.id == conv_uuid,
+                AIConversation.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+            )
+        )
+        conversation = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+        if conversation is None:
+            return {"error": "Conversation not found", "status_code": 404}
+    else:
+        conversation = AIConversation(
+            tenant_id=tenant_id,
+            user_id=user_id,
+            title=query[:100] if query else "Untitled",
+            context=context,
+        )
+        db.add(conversation)
+        await db.flush()
+        await db.refresh(conversation)
+
+    # Get next message index
+    count_q = select(func.count()).select_from(
+        select(AIMessage).where(AIMessage.conversation_id == conversation.id).subquery()
+    )
+    count_result = await db.execute(count_q)
+    msg_index = count_result.scalar_one()
+
+    # Store user message
+    user_msg = AIMessage(
+        tenant_id=tenant_id,
+        conversation_id=conversation.id,
+        role="user",
+        content=query,
+        message_index=msg_index,
+    )
+    db.add(user_msg)
+    await db.flush()
+    await db.refresh(user_msg)
+
+    # Call LLM client
+    llm = get_llm_client()
+    llm_response = await llm.generate(query, context)
+
+    # Store assistant message
+    assistant_msg = AIMessage(
+        tenant_id=tenant_id,
+        conversation_id=conversation.id,
+        role="assistant",
+        content=llm_response.message,
+        proposed_actions=llm_response.proposed_actions,
+        message_index=msg_index + 1,
+    )
+    db.add(assistant_msg)
+    await db.flush()
+    await db.refresh(assistant_msg)
+
+    # Log to audit
+    await log_audit(
+        db, tenant_id, user_id,
+        action="query",
+        entity_type="ai_copilot",
+        entity_id=conversation.id,
+        changes={"query": query, "proposed_action_count": len(llm_response.proposed_actions)},
+    )
+
+    return {
+        "conversation_id": str(conversation.id),
+        "message": llm_response.message,
+        "proposed_actions": llm_response.proposed_actions,
+    }
+
+
+async def execute_action(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    user_id: uuid.UUID,
+    role: str,
+    conversation_id: str,
+    action: dict[str, Any],
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Execute a proposed action with RBAC enforcement.
+
+    1. Validate conversation belongs to tenant
+    2. Check RBAC permissions for the action
+    3. Execute the action (direct DB or API call)
+    4. Store execution result in message
+    5. Log to audit
+    """
+    conv_uuid = uuid.UUID(conversation_id)
+
+    # Validate conversation ownership
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(AIConversation).where(
+            AIConversation.id == conv_uuid,
+            AIConversation.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+    )
+    )
+    conversation = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    if conversation is None:
+        return {"error": "Conversation not found", "status_code": 404}
+
+    method = action.get("method", "GET").upper()
+    path = action.get("path", "")
+    body = action.get("body") or {}
+
+    # Determine module and action_type from path for RBAC
+    module, action_type = _derive_rbac_from_path(method, path)
+
+    if not check_permission(role, module, action_type):
+        return {
+            "error": "Insufficient permissions for this action",
+            "status_code": 403,
+            "success": False,
+        }
+
+    # Execute the action
+    try:
+        exec_result = await _execute_api_action(db, tenant_id, user_id, method, path, body)
+    except Exception as exc:
+        exec_result = {"error": str(exc), "status_code": 500}
+
+    # Get next message index
+    count_q = select(func.count()).select_from(
+        select(AIMessage).where(AIMessage.conversation_id == conversation.id).subquery()
+    )
+    count_result = await db.execute(count_q)
+    msg_index = count_result.scalar_one()
+
+    # Store execution message
+    exec_msg = AIMessage(
+        tenant_id=tenant_id,
+        conversation_id=conversation.id,
+        role="assistant",
+        content=f"Executed {method} {path}",
+        executed_action=action,
+        execution_result=exec_result,
+        message_index=msg_index,
+    )
+    db.add(exec_msg)
+    await db.flush()
+    await db.refresh(exec_msg)
+
+    # Log to audit
+    await log_audit(
+        db, tenant_id, user_id,
+        action="execute",
+        entity_type="ai_copilot",
+        entity_id=conversation.id,
+        changes={"action": action, "result": exec_result},
+    )
+
+    return {
+        "conversation_id": str(conversation.id),
+        "success": exec_result.get("success", True),
+        "status_code": exec_result.get("status_code", 200),
+        "data": exec_result.get("data"),
+        "error": exec_result.get("error"),
+    }
+
+
+async def get_history(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    user_id: uuid.UUID,
+    page: int = 1,
+    page_size: int = 20,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Get paginated conversation history for the current user."""
+    page = max(1, page)
+    page_size = max(1, min(100, page_size))
+
+    base = select(AIConversation).where(
+        AIConversation.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+        AIConversation.user_id == user_id,
+    )
+
+    count_q = select(func.count()).select_from(base.subquery())
+    total_result = await db.execute(count_q)
+    total = total_result.scalar_one()
+
+    offset = (page - 1) * page_size
+    paginated = base.order_by(desc(AIConversation.created_at)).offset(offset).limit(page_size)
+    result = await db.execute(paginated)
+    conversations = result.scalars().all()
+
+    items: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+    for conv in conversations:
+        # Get messages for each conversation
+        msg_q = select(AIMessage).where(
+            AIMessage.conversation_id == conv.id,
+            AIMessage.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+        ).order_by(AIMessage.message_index)
+        msg_result = await db.execute(msg_q)
+        messages = msg_result.scalars().all()
+
+        items.append({
+            **_conversation_to_dict(conv),
+            "messages": [_message_to_dict(m) for m in messages],
+        })
+
+    return {
+        "items": items,
+        "total": total,
+        "page": page,
+        "page_size": page_size,
+    }
+
+
+async def _execute_api_action(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    user_id: uuid.UUID,
+    method: str,
+    path: str,
+    body: dict[str, Any],
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Execute an API action directly against the database.
+
+    Supports companies and contacts CRUD, plus workflow listing.
+    """
+    # Parse path to determine entity and operation
+    parts = path.replace("/api/v1/", "").strip("/").split("/")
+    entity = parts[0] if parts else ""
+    entity_id = parts[1] if len(parts) > 1 else None
+
+    if entity == "companies":
+        return await _exec_companies(db, tenant_id, user_id, method, entity_id, body)
+    elif entity == "contacts":
+        return await _exec_contacts(db, tenant_id, user_id, method, entity_id, body)
+    elif entity == "workflows":
+        return await _exec_workflows(db, tenant_id, user_id, method, entity_id, body)
+    else:
+        return {"error": f"Unsupported entity: {entity}", "status_code": 400, "success": False}
+
+
+async def _exec_companies(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    user_id: uuid.UUID,
+    method: str,
+    entity_id: str | None,
+    body: dict[str, Any],
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Execute company operations."""
+    if method == "GET":
+        result = await db.execute(
+            select(Company).where(
+                Company.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+                Company.deleted_at.is_(None),
+            )
+        )
+        companies = result.scalars().all()
+        return {
+            "success": True,
+            "status_code": 200,
+            "data": [
+                {"id": str(c.id), "name": c.name, "industry": c.industry}
+                for c in companies
+            ],
+        }
+
+    elif method == "POST":
+        company = Company(
+            tenant_id=tenant_id,
+            name=body.get("name", "Untitled"),
+            industry=body.get("industry"),
+            phone=body.get("phone"),
+            email=body.get("email"),
+            website=body.get("website"),
+            description=body.get("description"),
+            created_by=user_id,
+            updated_by=user_id,
+        )
+        db.add(company)
+        await db.flush()
+        return {
+            "success": True,
+            "status_code": 201,
+            "data": {"id": str(company.id), "name": company.name},
+        }
+
+    elif method == "DELETE":
+        if not entity_id or entity_id == "{id}":
+            return {"error": "Company ID required", "status_code": 400, "success": False}
+        comp_uuid = uuid.UUID(entity_id)
+        result = await db.execute(
+            select(Company).where(
+                Company.id == comp_uuid,
+                Company.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+            )
+        )
+        company = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+        if company is None:
+            return {"error": "Company not found", "status_code": 404, "success": False}
+        company.deleted_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+        await db.flush()
+        return {"success": True, "status_code": 200, "data": {"id": str(company.id), "deleted": True}}
+
+    elif method == "PATCH":
+        if not entity_id or entity_id == "{id}":
+            return {"error": "Company ID required", "status_code": 400, "success": False}
+        comp_uuid = uuid.UUID(entity_id)
+        result = await db.execute(
+            select(Company).where(
+                Company.id == comp_uuid,
+                Company.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+                Company.deleted_at.is_(None),
+            )
+        )
+        company = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+        if company is None:
+            return {"error": "Company not found", "status_code": 404, "success": False}
+        for key in ("name", "industry", "phone", "email", "website", "description"):
+            if key in body:
+                setattr(company, key, body[key])
+        company.updated_by = user_id
+        await db.flush()
+        return {
+            "success": True,
+            "status_code": 200,
+            "data": {"id": str(company.id), "name": company.name, "industry": company.industry},
+        }
+
+    return {"error": f"Unsupported method: {method}", "status_code": 400, "success": False}
+
+
+async def _exec_contacts(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    user_id: uuid.UUID,
+    method: str,
+    entity_id: str | None,
+    body: dict[str, Any],
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Execute contact operations."""
+    if method == "GET":
+        result = await db.execute(
+            select(Contact).where(
+                Contact.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+                Contact.deleted_at.is_(None),
+            )
+        )
+        contacts = result.scalars().all()
+        return {
+            "success": True,
+            "status_code": 200,
+            "data": [
+                {"id": str(c.id), "name": c.name, "email": c.email}
+                for c in contacts
+            ],
+        }
+
+    elif method == "POST":
+        contact = Contact(
+            tenant_id=tenant_id,
+            name=body.get("name", "Untitled"),
+            email=body.get("email"),
+            phone=body.get("phone"),
+            created_by=user_id,
+            updated_by=user_id,
+        )
+        db.add(contact)
+        await db.flush()
+        return {
+            "success": True,
+            "status_code": 201,
+            "data": {"id": str(contact.id), "name": contact.name},
+        }
+
+    return {"error": f"Unsupported method: {method}", "status_code": 400, "success": False}
+
+
+async def _exec_workflows(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    user_id: uuid.UUID,
+    method: str,
+    entity_id: str | None,
+    body: dict[str, Any],
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Execute workflow operations."""
+    if method == "GET":
+        result = await db.execute(
+            select(Workflow).where(
+                Workflow.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+                Workflow.is_active.is_(True),
+            )
+        )
+        workflows = result.scalars().all()
+        return {
+            "success": True,
+            "status_code": 200,
+            "data": [
+                {"id": str(w.id), "name": w.name, "trigger_event": w.trigger_event}
+                for w in workflows
+            ],
+        }
+
+    return {"error": f"Unsupported method: {method}", "status_code": 400, "success": False}
+
+
+def _derive_rbac_from_path(method: str, path: str) -> tuple[str, str]:
+    """Derive module and action_type from HTTP method and path for RBAC.
+
+    Returns (module, action_type) suitable for check_permission().
+    """
+    parts = path.replace("/api/v1/", "").strip("/").split("/")
+    entity = parts[0] if parts else ""
+
+    method_to_action = {
+        "GET": "read",
+        "POST": "create",
+        "PATCH": "update",
+        "DELETE": "delete",
+    }
+    action_type = method_to_action.get(method, "read")
+
+    # Map path entities to permission modules
+    entity_to_module = {
+        "companies": "companies",
+        "contacts": "contacts",
+        "workflows": "workflows",
+        "ai": "ai_copilot",
+    }
+    module = entity_to_module.get(entity, entity)
+
+    return module, action_type

app/services/workflow_service.py

@@ -0,0 +1,675 @@
+"""Workflow service — CRUD, instance lifecycle, step transitions, event triggers."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import uuid
+from datetime import datetime, timezone, timedelta
+from typing import Any
+
+from sqlalchemy import select, func, desc, and_, or_
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.core.audit import log_audit
+from app.models.workflow import Workflow, WorkflowInstance, WorkflowStepHistory
+from app.models.notification import Notification
+
+
+def _safe_iso(dt) -> str | None:
+    """Safely convert datetime to ISO string, handling unloaded attributes."""
+    if dt is None:
+        return None
+    try:
+        return dt.isoformat() if hasattr(dt, "isoformat") else None
+    except Exception:
+        return None
+
+
+def _get_attr(obj, name, default=None):
+    """Safely get an attribute that might be expired/unloaded in async context."""
+    try:
+        val = getattr(obj, name)
+        return val if val is not None else default
+    except Exception:
+        return default
+
+
+def _workflow_to_dict(w: Workflow) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "id": str(w.id),
+        "name": w.name,
+        "description": w.description,
+        "trigger_event": w.trigger_event,
+        "steps": w.steps,
+        "is_active": w.is_active,
+        "created_by": str(w.created_by) if w.created_by else None,
+        "created_at": _safe_iso(_get_attr(w, "created_at")),
+        "updated_at": _safe_iso(_get_attr(w, "updated_at")),
+    }
+
+
+def _instance_to_dict(i: WorkflowInstance, include_history: bool = False, history: list | None = None, workflow_name: str | None = None) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    data = {
+        "id": str(i.id),
+        "workflow_id": str(i.workflow_id),
+        "status": i.status,
+        "current_step_index": i.current_step_index,
+        "context": i.context,
+        "initiated_by": str(i.initiated_by) if i.initiated_by else None,
+        "completed_at": _safe_iso(_get_attr(i, "completed_at")),
+        "timeout_hours": i.timeout_hours,
+        "timeout_at": _safe_iso(_get_attr(i, "timeout_at")),
+        "created_at": _safe_iso(_get_attr(i, "created_at")),
+        "updated_at": _safe_iso(_get_attr(i, "updated_at")),
+    }
+    if include_history:
+        data["history"] = history or []
+        data["workflow_name"] = workflow_name
+    return data
+
+
+def _history_to_dict(h: WorkflowStepHistory) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    return {
+        "id": str(h.id),
+        "instance_id": str(h.instance_id),
+        "step_index": h.step_index,
+        "step_type": h.step_type,
+        "action": h.action,
+        "actor_id": str(h.actor_id) if h.actor_id else None,
+        "details": h.details,
+        "created_at": _safe_iso(_get_attr(h, "created_at")),
+    }
+
+
+async def _log_step_history(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    instance_id: uuid.UUID,
+    step_index: int,
+    step_type: str,
+    action: str,
+    actor_id: uuid.UUID | None = None,
+    details: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+) -> WorkflowStepHistory:
+    """Create a workflow step history entry."""
+    entry = WorkflowStepHistory(
+        tenant_id=tenant_id,
+        instance_id=instance_id,
+        step_index=step_index,
+        step_type=step_type,
+        action=action,
+        actor_id=actor_id,
+        details=details,
+    )
+    db.add(entry)
+    await db.flush()
+    return entry
+
+
+# ─── Workflow CRUD ───
+
+async def create_workflow(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    user_id: uuid.UUID,
+    data: dict[str, Any],
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Create a new workflow definition."""
+    steps_raw = data.get("steps", [])
+    # Validate steps
+    if not steps_raw:
+        raise ValueError("Workflow must have at least one step")
+
+    steps_json = [s if isinstance(s, dict) else s.model_dump() for s in steps_raw]
+
+    workflow = Workflow(
+        tenant_id=tenant_id,
+        name=data["name"],
+        description=data.get("description"),
+        trigger_event=data.get("trigger_event"),
+        steps=steps_json,
+        is_active=data.get("is_active", True),
+        created_by=user_id,
+    )
+    db.add(workflow)
+    await db.flush()
+
+    await log_audit(
+        db, tenant_id, user_id,
+        action="create",
+        entity_type="workflow",
+        entity_id=workflow.id,
+        changes={"name": workflow.name},
+    )
+
+    return _workflow_to_dict(workflow)
+
+
+async def list_workflows(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    page: int = 1,
+    page_size: int = 20,
+    is_active: bool | None = None,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """List workflows with pagination."""
+    page = max(1, page)
+    page_size = max(1, min(100, page_size))
+
+    base = select(Workflow).where(Workflow.tenant_id == tenant_id)
+    if is_active is not None:
+        base = base.where(Workflow.is_active == is_active)
+
+    count_q = select(func.count()).select_from(base.subquery())
+    total_result = await db.execute(count_q)
+    total = total_result.scalar_one()
+
+    offset = (page - 1) * page_size
+    paginated = base.order_by(desc(Workflow.created_at)).offset(offset).limit(page_size)
+    result = await db.execute(paginated)
+    workflows = result.scalars().all()
+
+    return {
+        "items": [_workflow_to_dict(w) for w in workflows],
+        "total": total,
+        "page": page,
+        "page_size": page_size,
+    }
+
+
+async def get_workflow(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    workflow_id: str,
+) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+    """Get a single workflow by ID."""
+    wf_uuid = uuid.UUID(workflow_id)
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(Workflow).where(
+            Workflow.id == wf_uuid,
+            Workflow.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+        )
+    )
+    workflow = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    if workflow is None:
+        return None
+    return _workflow_to_dict(workflow)
+
+
+async def update_workflow(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    user_id: uuid.UUID,
+    workflow_id: str,
+    data: dict[str, Any],
+) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+    """Update a workflow definition."""
+    wf_uuid = uuid.UUID(workflow_id)
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(Workflow).where(
+            Workflow.id == wf_uuid,
+            Workflow.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+        )
+    )
+    workflow = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    if workflow is None:
+        return None
+
+    if "name" in data:
+        workflow.name = data["name"]
+    if "description" in data:
+        workflow.description = data["description"]
+    if "trigger_event" in data:
+        workflow.trigger_event = data["trigger_event"]
+    if "steps" in data:
+        steps_raw = data["steps"]
+        workflow.steps = [s if isinstance(s, dict) else s.model_dump() for s in steps_raw]
+    if "is_active" in data:
+        workflow.is_active = data["is_active"]
+
+    await db.flush()
+
+    await log_audit(
+        db, tenant_id, user_id,
+        action="update",
+        entity_type="workflow",
+        entity_id=workflow.id,
+        changes={"updated_fields": list(data.keys())},
+    )
+
+    return _workflow_to_dict(workflow)
+
+
+async def delete_workflow(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    user_id: uuid.UUID,
+    workflow_id: str,
+) -> bool:
+    """Delete a workflow definition."""
+    wf_uuid = uuid.UUID(workflow_id)
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(Workflow).where(
+            Workflow.id == wf_uuid,
+            Workflow.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+        )
+    )
+    workflow = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    if workflow is None:
+        return False
+
+    await db.delete(workflow)
+    await db.flush()
+
+    await log_audit(
+        db, tenant_id, user_id,
+        action="delete",
+        entity_type="workflow",
+        entity_id=wf_uuid,
+    )
+
+    return True
+
+
+# ─── Instance Lifecycle ───
+
+async def create_instance(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    user_id: uuid.UUID,
+    workflow_id: str,
+    context: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+    timeout_hours: int | None = None,
+) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+    """Create a new workflow instance with status=pending."""
+    wf_uuid = uuid.UUID(workflow_id)
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(Workflow).where(
+            Workflow.id == wf_uuid,
+            Workflow.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+        )
+    )
+    workflow = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    if workflow is None:
+        return None
+
+    timeout_at = None
+    if timeout_hours:
+        timeout_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc) + timedelta(hours=timeout_hours)
+
+    instance = WorkflowInstance(
+        tenant_id=tenant_id,
+        workflow_id=wf_uuid,
+        status="pending",
+        current_step_index=0,
+        context=context or {},
+        initiated_by=user_id,
+        timeout_hours=timeout_hours,
+        timeout_at=timeout_at,
+    )
+    db.add(instance)
+    await db.flush()
+    await db.refresh(instance)
+
+    # Log initial step entry
+    steps = workflow.steps or []
+    first_step = steps[0] if steps else {}
+    await _log_step_history(
+        db, tenant_id, instance.id,
+        step_index=0,
+        step_type=first_step.get("type", "action"),
+        action="entered",
+        actor_id=user_id,
+        details={"workflow_name": workflow.name},
+    )
+
+    await log_audit(
+        db, tenant_id, user_id,
+        action="create",
+        entity_type="workflow_instance",
+        entity_id=instance.id,
+        changes={"workflow_id": str(wf_uuid), "status": "pending"},
+    )
+
+    return _instance_to_dict(instance)
+
+
+async def list_instances(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    page: int = 1,
+    page_size: int = 20,
+    status_filter: str | None = None,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """List workflow instances with optional status filter."""
+    page = max(1, page)
+    page_size = max(1, min(100, page_size))
+
+    base = select(WorkflowInstance).where(WorkflowInstance.tenant_id == tenant_id)
+    if status_filter:
+        base = base.where(WorkflowInstance.status == status_filter)
+
+    count_q = select(func.count()).select_from(base.subquery())
+    total_result = await db.execute(count_q)
+    total = total_result.scalar_one()
+
+    offset = (page - 1) * page_size
+    paginated = base.order_by(desc(WorkflowInstance.created_at)).offset(offset).limit(page_size)
+    result = await db.execute(paginated)
+    instances = result.scalars().all()
+
+    return {
+        "items": [_instance_to_dict(i) for i in instances],
+        "total": total,
+        "page": page,
+        "page_size": page_size,
+    }
+
+
+async def get_instance(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    instance_id: str,
+) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+    """Get a single workflow instance with step history."""
+    inst_uuid = uuid.UUID(instance_id)
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(WorkflowInstance).where(
+            WorkflowInstance.id == inst_uuid,
+            WorkflowInstance.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+        )
+    )
+    instance = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    if instance is None:
+        return None
+
+    # Get workflow name
+    wf_result = await db.execute(
+        select(Workflow.name).where(Workflow.id == instance.workflow_id)
+    )
+    workflow_name = wf_result.scalar_one_or_none()
+
+    # Get step history
+    hist_q = select(WorkflowStepHistory).where(
+        WorkflowStepHistory.instance_id == inst_uuid,
+        WorkflowStepHistory.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+    ).order_by(WorkflowStepHistory.created_at)
+    hist_result = await db.execute(hist_q)
+    history = hist_result.scalars().all()
+
+    return _instance_to_dict(
+        instance,
+        include_history=True,
+        history=[_history_to_dict(h) for h in history],
+        workflow_name=workflow_name,
+    )
+
+
+async def advance_instance(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    user_id: uuid.UUID,
+    instance_id: str,
+    decision: str,
+    comment: str | None = None,
+) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+    """Advance or reject a workflow instance step.
+
+    decision: "approve" or "reject"
+    - approve: move to next step or complete if last step
+    - reject: set status=rejected, notify initiator
+    """
+    inst_uuid = uuid.UUID(instance_id)
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(WorkflowInstance).where(
+            WorkflowInstance.id == inst_uuid,
+            WorkflowInstance.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+        )
+    )
+    instance = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    if instance is None:
+        return None
+
+    if instance.status not in ("pending", "in_progress"):
+        return {"error": f"Cannot advance instance with status {instance.status}", "status_code": 400}
+
+    # Get workflow definition
+    wf_result = await db.execute(
+        select(Workflow).where(Workflow.id == instance.workflow_id)
+    )
+    workflow = wf_result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    if workflow is None:
+        return {"error": "Workflow definition not found", "status_code": 404}
+
+    steps = workflow.steps or []
+    current_idx = instance.current_step_index
+    current_step = steps[current_idx] if current_idx < len(steps) else None
+    step_type = current_step.get("type", "action") if current_step else "action"
+
+    if decision == "reject":
+        instance.status = "rejected"
+        instance.completed_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+        await _log_step_history(
+            db, tenant_id, instance.id,
+            step_index=current_idx,
+            step_type=step_type,
+            action="rejected",
+            actor_id=user_id,
+            details={"comment": comment},
+        )
+
+        # Notify initiator
+        if instance.initiated_by:
+            notification = Notification(
+                tenant_id=tenant_id,
+                user_id=instance.initiated_by,
+                type="workflow_rejected",
+                title=f"Workflow '{workflow.name}' rejected",
+                body=comment or f"Step {current_idx + 1} was rejected",
+            )
+            db.add(notification)
+            await db.flush()
+
+        await log_audit(
+            db, tenant_id, user_id,
+            action="reject",
+            entity_type="workflow_instance",
+            entity_id=instance.id,
+            changes={"step": current_idx, "comment": comment},
+        )
+
+        return _instance_to_dict(instance)
+
+    # decision == approve
+    # Move to in_progress if was pending
+    if instance.status == "pending":
+        instance.status = "in_progress"
+
+    # Log approval
+    await _log_step_history(
+        db, tenant_id, instance.id,
+        step_index=current_idx,
+        step_type=step_type,
+        action="approved",
+        actor_id=user_id,
+        details={"comment": comment},
+    )
+
+    next_idx = current_idx + 1
+    if next_idx >= len(steps):
+        # Workflow complete
+        instance.status = "completed"
+        instance.completed_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+        await _log_step_history(
+            db, tenant_id, instance.id,
+            step_index=current_idx,
+            step_type="complete",
+            action="completed",
+            actor_id=user_id,
+        )
+    else:
+        instance.current_step_index = next_idx
+        next_step = steps[next_idx]
+        await _log_step_history(
+            db, tenant_id, instance.id,
+            step_index=next_idx,
+            step_type=next_step.get("type", "action"),
+            action="entered",
+            actor_id=user_id,
+        )
+
+    await db.flush()
+
+    await log_audit(
+        db, tenant_id, user_id,
+        action="advance",
+        entity_type="workflow_instance",
+        entity_id=instance.id,
+        changes={"decision": decision, "step": current_idx, "next_step": next_idx if next_idx < len(steps) else None},
+    )
+
+    return _instance_to_dict(instance)
+
+
+async def cancel_instance(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    user_id: uuid.UUID,
+    instance_id: str,
+) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+    """Cancel a workflow instance."""
+    inst_uuid = uuid.UUID(instance_id)
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(WorkflowInstance).where(
+            WorkflowInstance.id == inst_uuid,
+            WorkflowInstance.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+        )
+    )
+    instance = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    if instance is None:
+        return None
+
+    if instance.status in ("completed", "rejected", "cancelled"):
+        return {"error": f"Cannot cancel instance with status {instance.status}", "status_code": 400}
+
+    instance.status = "cancelled"
+    instance.completed_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+
+    # Get current step for history
+    wf_result = await db.execute(
+        select(Workflow).where(Workflow.id == instance.workflow_id)
+    )
+    workflow = wf_result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    steps = workflow.steps if workflow else []
+    current_step = steps[instance.current_step_index] if instance.current_step_index < len(steps) else {}
+
+    await _log_step_history(
+        db, tenant_id, instance.id,
+        step_index=instance.current_step_index,
+        step_type=current_step.get("type", "action"),
+        action="cancelled",
+        actor_id=user_id,
+    )
+
+    await db.flush()
+
+    await log_audit(
+        db, tenant_id, user_id,
+        action="cancel",
+        entity_type="workflow_instance",
+        entity_id=instance.id,
+    )
+
+    return _instance_to_dict(instance)
+
+
+async def check_timeout(instance: WorkflowInstance) -> bool:
+    """Check if an instance has timed out (for approval steps).
+
+    Returns True if the instance should be auto-rejected.
+    """
+    if instance.timeout_at is None:
+        return False
+    if instance.status not in ("pending", "in_progress"):
+        return False
+    return datetime.now(timezone.utc) > instance.timeout_at
+
+
+async def auto_reject_timeout(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    instance: WorkflowInstance,
+) -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Auto-reject a timed-out instance."""
+    instance.status = "rejected"
+    instance.completed_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+
+    wf_result = await db.execute(
+        select(Workflow).where(Workflow.id == instance.workflow_id)
+    )
+    workflow = wf_result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    steps = workflow.steps if workflow else []
+    current_step = steps[instance.current_step_index] if instance.current_step_index < len(steps) else {}
+
+    await _log_step_history(
+        db, tenant_id, instance.id,
+        step_index=instance.current_step_index,
+        step_type=current_step.get("type", "approval"),
+        action="auto_rejected",
+        details={"reason": "timeout"},
+    )
+
+    # Notify initiator
+    if instance.initiated_by:
+        notification = Notification(
+            tenant_id=tenant_id,
+            user_id=instance.initiated_by,
+            type="workflow_timeout",
+            title=f"Workflow '{workflow.name if workflow else 'Unknown'}' auto-rejected",
+            body="The approval step timed out and was automatically rejected.",
+        )
+        db.add(notification)
+
+    await db.flush()
+    await db.refresh(instance)
+    return _instance_to_dict(instance)
+
+
+async def find_workflows_for_event(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    event_name: str,
+) -> list[Workflow]:
+    """Find active workflows that trigger on a specific event."""
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(Workflow).where(
+            Workflow.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+            Workflow.is_active.is_(True),
+            Workflow.trigger_event == event_name,
+        )
+    )
+    return list(result.scalars().all())
+
+
+async def start_instance_for_event(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    user_id: uuid.UUID | None,
+    event_name: str,
+    context: dict[str, Any] | None = None,
+) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    """Start workflow instances for all workflows matching an event trigger.
+
+    Called by the event bus when an event is published.
+    """
+    workflows = await find_workflows_for_event(db, tenant_id, event_name)
+    instances: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+    for wf in workflows:
+        inst = await create_instance(
+            db, tenant_id,
+            user_id or uuid.uuid4(),
+            str(wf.id),
+            context=context,
+        )
+        if inst:
+            instances.append(inst)
+    return instances

app/workflows/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"""Workflow engine package — execution engine and code-engine workflows."""

app/workflows/code/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+"""Code-engine workflows — hardcoded workflow definitions."""

app/workflows/code/onboarding.py

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+"""Onboarding workflow — runs on user creation.
+
+A code-engine workflow that creates a welcome notification and an
+approval step for admin confirmation of new users.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import uuid
+from typing import Any
+
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.services.workflow_service import create_instance
+
+# Onboarding workflow definition (code-engine — hardcoded steps)
+ONBOARDING_WORKFLOW_STEPS = [
+    {
+        "name": "Send welcome notification",
+        "type": "notification",
+        "config": {
+            "notification_type": "welcome",
+            "title": "Welcome to LeoCRM!",
+            "body": "Your account has been created. An admin will approve your access shortly.",
+        },
+        "description": "Send a welcome notification to the new user",
+    },
+    {
+        "name": "Admin approval",
+        "type": "approval",
+        "config": {
+            "required_role": "admin",
+            "description": "Admin must approve the new user account",
+        },
+        "description": "Admin reviews and approves the new user",
+    },
+    {
+        "name": "Send confirmation",
+        "type": "notification",
+        "config": {
+            "notification_type": "onboarding_complete",
+            "title": "Account approved",
+            "body": "Your account has been approved. You can now use LeoCRM.",
+        },
+        "description": "Notify user that their account is approved",
+    },
+]
+
+
+def get_onboarding_workflow_definition() -> dict[str, Any]:
+    """Return the onboarding workflow definition for DB seeding."""
+    return {
+        "name": "User Onboarding",
+        "description": "Automated onboarding workflow triggered on user creation",
+        "trigger_event": "user.created",
+        "steps": ONBOARDING_WORKFLOW_STEPS,
+        "is_active": True,
+    }
+
+
+async def ensure_onboarding_workflow_exists(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    user_id: uuid.UUID,
+) -> uuid.UUID | None:
+    """Ensure the onboarding workflow exists in the DB for this tenant.
+
+    If it doesn't exist yet, create it. Returns the workflow ID.
+    """
+    from app.models.workflow import Workflow
+    from sqlalchemy import select
+
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(Workflow).where(
+            Workflow.tenant_id == tenant_id,
+            Workflow.trigger_event == "user.created",
+            Workflow.name == "User Onboarding",
+        )
+    )
+    existing = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    if existing:
+        return existing.id
+
+    from app.services.workflow_service import create_workflow
+    wf_dict = await create_workflow(
+        db, tenant_id, user_id,
+        get_onboarding_workflow_definition(),
+    )
+    return uuid.UUID(wf_dict["id"]) if wf_dict else None
+
+
+async def trigger_onboarding(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    admin_user_id: uuid.UUID,
+    new_user_id: uuid.UUID,
+) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+    """Trigger the onboarding workflow for a newly created user.
+
+    1. Ensure the onboarding workflow exists in DB
+    2. Create a workflow instance with new_user_id in context
+    """
+    wf_id = await ensure_onboarding_workflow_exists(db, tenant_id, admin_user_id)
+    if wf_id is None:
+        return None
+
+    instance = await create_instance(
+        db, tenant_id, admin_user_id,
+        str(wf_id),
+        context={"new_user_id": str(new_user_id), "user_id": str(new_user_id)},
+    )
+    return instance

app/workflows/engine.py

@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+"""Workflow execution engine — step processing, conditions, approvals.
+
+Processes workflow instances by evaluating steps sequentially.
+Supports step types: action, approval, notification, condition.
+Integrates with the event bus for event-triggered workflows.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import uuid
+import logging
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from typing import Any
+
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+
+from app.core.event_bus import get_event_bus
+from app.models.workflow import Workflow, WorkflowInstance, WorkflowStepHistory
+from app.models.notification import Notification
+from app.services.workflow_service import (
+    _log_step_history,
+    _instance_to_dict,
+    create_instance,
+    find_workflows_for_event,
+)
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+class WorkflowEngine:
+    """Processes workflow instances through their defined steps.
+
+    Step types:
+    - action: Executes a configured action (e.g. create entity, send notification)
+    - approval: Pauses and waits for user approve/reject via API
+    - notification: Sends a notification to specified users
+    - condition: Evaluates a condition and branches accordingly
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, db: AsyncSession, tenant_id: uuid.UUID):
+        self.db = db
+        self.tenant_id = tenant_id
+
+    async def process_step(self, instance: WorkflowInstance) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Process the current step of a workflow instance.
+
+        For action/notification/condition steps: executes and advances.
+        For approval steps: sets status to in_progress and waits.
+        Returns the updated instance dict.
+        """
+        wf_result = await self.db.execute(
+            select(Workflow).where(Workflow.id == instance.workflow_id)
+        )
+        workflow = wf_result.scalar_one_or_none()
+        if workflow is None:
+            return {"error": "Workflow not found", "status_code": 404}
+
+        steps = workflow.steps or []
+        if instance.current_step_index >= len(steps):
+            instance.status = "completed"
+            instance.completed_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+            await self.db.flush()
+            return _instance_to_dict(instance)
+
+        step = steps[instance.current_step_index]
+        step_type = step.get("type", "action")
+
+        # Log step entry
+        await _log_step_history(
+            self.db, self.tenant_id, instance.id,
+            step_index=instance.current_step_index,
+            step_type=step_type,
+            action="processing",
+            details={"step_name": step.get("name")},
+        )
+
+        if step_type == "approval":
+            # Approval steps pause and wait for user input
+            if instance.status == "pending":
+                instance.status = "in_progress"
+            await self.db.flush()
+            return _instance_to_dict(instance)
+
+        elif step_type == "notification":
+            return await self._process_notification(instance, step)
+
+        elif step_type == "condition":
+            return await self._process_condition(instance, step, steps)
+
+        elif step_type == "action":
+            return await self._process_action(instance, step, steps)
+
+        else:
+            return {"error": f"Unknown step type: {step_type}", "status_code": 400}
+
+    async def _process_action(
+        self, instance: WorkflowInstance, step: dict, steps: list
+    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Process an action step — executes the configured action and advances."""
+        config = step.get("config", {})
+        action_type = config.get("action_type", "noop")
+
+        # Execute action based on type
+        if action_type == "create_notification":
+            user_id = config.get("user_id") or (str(instance.initiated_by) if instance.initiated_by else None)
+            if user_id:
+                notification = Notification(
+                    tenant_id=self.tenant_id,
+                    user_id=uuid.UUID(user_id),
+                    type=config.get("notification_type", "workflow_action"),
+                    title=config.get("title", "Workflow notification"),
+                    body=config.get("body", ""),
+                )
+                self.db.add(notification)
+                await self.db.flush()
+
+        elif action_type == "noop":
+            pass  # No operation — just advance
+
+        # Log action executed
+        await _log_step_history(
+            self.db, self.tenant_id, instance.id,
+            step_index=instance.current_step_index,
+            step_type="action",
+            action="executed",
+            details={"action_type": action_type},
+        )
+
+        # Advance to next step
+        next_idx = instance.current_step_index + 1
+        if next_idx >= len(steps):
+            instance.status = "completed"
+            instance.completed_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+        else:
+            instance.current_step_index = next_idx
+            instance.status = "in_progress"
+
+        await self.db.flush()
+        return _instance_to_dict(instance)
+
+    async def _process_notification(
+        self, instance: WorkflowInstance, step: dict
+    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Process a notification step — sends notification and advances."""
+        config = step.get("config", {})
+        user_id = config.get("user_id") or (str(instance.initiated_by) if instance.initiated_by else None)
+
+        if user_id:
+            notification = Notification(
+                tenant_id=self.tenant_id,
+                user_id=uuid.UUID(user_id),
+                type=config.get("notification_type", "workflow_notification"),
+                title=config.get("title", "Workflow notification"),
+                body=config.get("body", ""),
+            )
+            self.db.add(notification)
+            await self.db.flush()
+
+        await _log_step_history(
+            self.db, self.tenant_id, instance.id,
+            step_index=instance.current_step_index,
+            step_type="notification",
+            action="sent",
+            details={"user_id": user_id},
+        )
+
+        # Advance — notification steps auto-advance
+        wf_result = await self.db.execute(
+            select(Workflow).where(Workflow.id == instance.workflow_id)
+        )
+        workflow = wf_result.scalar_one_or_none()
+        steps = workflow.steps if workflow else []
+        next_idx = instance.current_step_index + 1
+        if next_idx >= len(steps):
+            instance.status = "completed"
+            instance.completed_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+        else:
+            instance.current_step_index = next_idx
+
+        await self.db.flush()
+        return _instance_to_dict(instance)
+
+    async def _process_condition(
+        self, instance: WorkflowInstance, step: dict, steps: list
+    ) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        """Process a condition step — evaluates condition and branches.
+
+        Config format:
+        {
+            "field": "context_key",
+            "operator": "eq|ne|gt|lt|contains",
+            "value": "expected_value",
+            "on_true_step": optional_index,
+            "on_false_step": optional_index
+        }
+        """
+        config = step.get("config", {})
+        field = config.get("field", "")
+        operator = config.get("operator", "eq")
+        expected = config.get("value")
+        actual = instance.context.get(field)
+
+        condition_met = False
+        if operator == "eq":
+            condition_met = actual == expected
+        elif operator == "ne":
+            condition_met = actual != expected
+        elif operator == "gt":
+            condition_met = actual is not None and expected is not None and actual > expected
+        elif operator == "lt":
+            condition_met = actual is not None and expected is not None and actual < expected
+        elif operator == "contains":
+            condition_met = actual is not None and expected in actual if isinstance(actual, (str, list)) else False
+
+        await _log_step_history(
+            self.db, self.tenant_id, instance.id,
+            step_index=instance.current_step_index,
+            step_type="condition",
+            action="evaluated",
+            details={"field": field, "operator": operator, "condition_met": condition_met},
+        )
+
+        # Branch or advance
+        if condition_met and "on_true_step" in config:
+            instance.current_step_index = config["on_true_step"]
+        elif not condition_met and "on_false_step" in config:
+            instance.current_step_index = config["on_false_step"]
+        else:
+            next_idx = instance.current_step_index + 1
+            if next_idx >= len(steps):
+                instance.status = "completed"
+                instance.completed_at = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+            else:
+                instance.current_step_index = next_idx
+
+        await self.db.flush()
+        return _instance_to_dict(instance)
+
+
+async def handle_event(
+    db: AsyncSession,
+    tenant_id: uuid.UUID,
+    event_name: str,
+    payload: dict[str, Any],
+) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    """Handle an event by starting matching workflow instances.
+
+    Called by the event bus integration. Finds all active workflows
+    with trigger_event matching event_name and creates instances.
+    """
+    workflows = await find_workflows_for_event(db, tenant_id, event_name)
+    instances: list[dict[str, Any]] = []
+    for wf in workflows:
+        inst = await create_instance(
+            db, tenant_id,
+            uuid.UUID(payload.get("user_id", str(uuid.uuid4()))) if payload.get("user_id") else None or uuid.uuid4(),
+            str(wf.id),
+            context=payload,
+        )
+        if inst:
+            instances.append(inst)
+    return instances
+
+
+def register_workflow_event_handlers() -> None:
+    """Register event bus handlers for workflow triggers.
+
+    Subscribes to the event bus to auto-start workflows when events fire.
+    Should be called during application startup.
+    """
+    event_bus = get_event_bus()
+
+    async def _workflow_event_handler(payload: dict[str, Any]) -> None:
+        """Handle events that may trigger workflows."""
+        from app.core.db import create_db_session
+        tenant_id_str = payload.get("tenant_id")
+        event_name = payload.get("event", "")
+        if not tenant_id_str or not event_name:
+            return
+
+        tenant_id = uuid.UUID(tenant_id_str)
+        async with create_db_session(tenant_id) as db:
+            await handle_event(db, tenant_id, event_name, payload)
+
+    # Subscribe to common events
+    for event_name in ("user.created", "company.created", "contact.created"):
+        event_bus.subscribe(event_name, _workflow_event_handler)

test_report.md

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+# T09 Test Report — Coverage Improvement
+
+## Date: 2026-06-29
+
+## Summary
+- **Previous**: 30 tests, 22 ACs passing, 45.37% coverage
+- **Current**: 135 T09 tests passing (105 new), 238 total regression passing, **84.12%** overall coverage
+- **Target**: 80%+ — **ACHIEVED**
+
+## T09 Coverage Results
+
+```
+---------- coverage: platform linux, python 3.13.12-final-0 ----------
+Name                                 Stmts   Miss Branch BrPart   Cover   Missing
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+app/ai/action_mapper.py                 76      0     46      4  96.72%
+app/ai/llm_client.py                    59     11      6      1  81.54%
+app/routes/ai_copilot.py                34      8      6      0  65.00%
+app/routes/workflows.py                 92     25     24      0  62.93%
+app/services/ai_copilot_service.py     172      3     44      0  98.61%
+app/services/workflow_service.py       231     45     60     17  75.95%
+app/workflows/code/__init__.py           0      0      0      0 100.00%
+app/workflows/code/onboarding.py        24      2      4      2  85.71%
+app/workflows/engine.py                130      9     50      7  90.00%
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+TOTAL                                  818    103    240     31  84.12%
+```
+
+## Per-Module Coverage Improvement
+
+| Module | Before | After | Delta |
+|--------|--------|-------|-------|
+| app/workflows/engine.py | 0% | 90.00% | +90.00% |
+| app/services/ai_copilot_service.py | 38.89% | 98.61% | +59.72% |
+| app/ai/action_mapper.py | 43.44% | 96.72% | +53.28% |
+| app/routes/workflows.py | 59.48% | 62.93% | +3.45% |
+| app/ai/llm_client.py | 64.62% | 81.54% | +16.92% |
+| app/routes/ai_copilot.py | 65% | 65.00% | +0.00% |
+| app/services/workflow_service.py | 62.54% | 75.95% | +13.41% |
+| **Overall** | **45.37%** | **84.12%** | **+38.75%** |
+
+## New Tests Added (105 total)
+
+### test_workflows.py (48 new tests)
+- **WorkflowEngine unit tests (22)**: action noop, create_notification, completion, approval step, notification step, condition eq/ne/gt/lt/contains (string+list), no-match advance, condition completion, unknown step type, workflow not found, step index beyond steps, handle_event (match + no-match), register_workflow_event_handlers
+- **Route error path tests (9)**: update/delete workflow 404, update/delete RBAC 403, create instance 404, advance/cancel 404, advance completed 400, cancel rejected 400
+- **Service edge case tests (9)**: check_timeout no_timeout_at, check_timeout completed status, auto_reject no initiated_by, find_workflows no match, start_instance no match, list_workflows active filter, update_workflow with steps, update/delete/get not found
+
+### test_ai_copilot.py (57 new tests)
+- **ActionMapper unit tests (18)**: create/delete/update/list company, create/list contact, list/create workflow, help intent, unknown query, update with phone/email, update no fields, company list all pattern, empty query
+- **LLMClient unit tests (11)**: mock generate, mock no actions, mock with context, API mode init, api_base default, LLMResponse.to_dict, parse valid/invalid JSON, build system prompt (with/without context), get/reset singleton
+- **AI Copilot service tests (20)**: process_query (new/existing/invalid/empty conversation), execute_action (companies GET/POST/PATCH/delete + error paths, contacts GET/POST/unsupported, workflows GET/unsupported, unknown entity, invalid conversation, RBAC blocked), get_history (pagination/empty), _derive_rbac_from_path (5 entity paths), _safe_iso (3 cases), _get_attr (2 cases)
+- **Route error path tests (4)**: execute 404, execute RBAC 403, history/execute unauthenticated 401
+
+## Test Commands
+
+### T09 Coverage Suite
+```bash
+cd /a0/usr/workdir/dev-projects/leocrm && python -m pytest tests/test_ai_copilot.py tests/test_workflows.py --cov=app.ai --cov=app.workflows --cov=app.services.ai_copilot_service --cov=app.services.workflow_service --cov=app.routes.ai_copilot --cov=app.routes.workflows --cov-report=term-missing --tb=short -v
+```
+**Result**: 135 passed, coverage 84.12%
+
+### Full Regression
+```bash
+cd /a0/usr/workdir/dev-projects/leocrm && python -m pytest tests/ -v --tb=short
+```
+**Result**: 238 passed, 0 failed, 2 warnings (pre-existing deprecation warning)
+
+## Smoke Test
+- T09 coverage suite: 135/135 tests pass
+- Full regression: 238/238 tests pass (133 existing + 105 new)
+- No production code modified — only test files updated
+- All 22 original ACs still pass
+nREPORT
+echo 'test_report.md created'

tests/conftest.py

@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ from app.models.role import Role
 from app.models.company import Company
 from app.models.contact import Contact, CompanyContact
 from app.models.plugin import Plugin, PluginMigration
+from app.models.ai_conversation import AIConversation, AIMessage
+from app.models.workflow import Workflow, WorkflowInstance, WorkflowStepHistory
 from app.main import create_app
 
 
@@ -88,7 +90,7 @@ def clean_tables(db_setup):
     sync_eng = _get_sync_engine()
     with sync_eng.connect() as conn:
         # TRUNCATE all tables with CASCADE — fast and reliable isolation
-        conn.execute(text("TRUNCATE TABLE plugin_migrations, plugins, company_contacts, contacts, api_tokens, password_reset_tokens, notifications, deletion_log, audit_log, sessions, roles, companies, user_tenants, users, tenants CASCADE;"))
+        conn.execute(text("TRUNCATE TABLE workflow_step_history, workflow_instances, workflows, ai_messages, ai_conversations, plugin_migrations, plugins, company_contacts, contacts, api_tokens, password_reset_tokens, notifications, deletion_log, audit_log, sessions, roles, companies, user_tenants, users, tenants CASCADE;"))
         conn.commit()
     sync_eng.dispose()
     yield