diff --git a/app/api/v1/accounts.py b/app/api/v1/accounts.py
index 905dab8..72857e2 100644
--- a/app/api/v1/accounts.py
+++ b/app/api/v1/accounts.py
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Optional
-
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Response, status
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
@@ -14,9 +12,17 @@ from app.models.user import User
 from app.schemas.account import AccountCreate, AccountOut, AccountUpdate
 from app.services.account_service import (
     create_account as svc_create_account,
+)
+from app.services.account_service import (
     get_account as svc_get_account,
+)
+from app.services.account_service import (
     list_accounts as svc_list_accounts,
+)
+from app.services.account_service import (
     soft_delete_account as svc_soft_delete_account,
+)
+from app.services.account_service import (
     update_account as svc_update_account,
 )
 
@@ -48,10 +54,10 @@ async def create_account(
 async def list_accounts(
     skip: int = Query(0, ge=0),
     limit: int = Query(20, ge=1, le=100),
-    industry: Optional[Industry] = None,
-    size: Optional[AccountSize] = None,
-    owner_id: Optional[int] = None,
-    q: Optional[str] = None,
+    industry: Industry | None = None,
+    size: AccountSize | None = None,
+    owner_id: int | None = None,
+    q: str | None = None,
     current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> list[AccountOut]:
diff --git a/app/api/v1/activities.py b/app/api/v1/activities.py
index b456618..264a4fa 100644
--- a/app/api/v1/activities.py
+++ b/app/api/v1/activities.py
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Optional
-
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Response, status
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
@@ -19,11 +17,23 @@ from app.schemas.activity import (
 )
 from app.services.activity_service import (
     NoParentException,
+)
+from app.services.activity_service import (
     complete_activity as svc_complete_activity,
+)
+from app.services.activity_service import (
     create_activity as svc_create_activity,
+)
+from app.services.activity_service import (
     get_activity as svc_get_activity,
+)
+from app.services.activity_service import (
     list_activities as svc_list_activities,
+)
+from app.services.activity_service import (
     soft_delete_activity as svc_soft_delete_activity,
+)
+from app.services.activity_service import (
     update_activity as svc_update_activity,
 )
 
@@ -58,10 +68,10 @@ async def create_activity(
 async def list_activities(
     skip: int = Query(0, ge=0),
     limit: int = Query(20, ge=1, le=100),
-    type: Optional[ActivityType] = None,
-    owner_id: Optional[int] = None,
-    overdue: Optional[bool] = None,
-    completed: Optional[bool] = None,
+    type: ActivityType | None = None,
+    owner_id: int | None = None,
+    overdue: bool | None = None,
+    completed: bool | None = None,
     current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> list[ActivityOut]:
@@ -88,9 +98,7 @@ async def get_activity(
     current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> ActivityOut:
-    activity = await svc_get_activity(
-        db, activity_id, org_id=current_user.org_id
-    )
+    activity = await svc_get_activity(db, activity_id, org_id=current_user.org_id)
     if activity is None:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Activity not found")
     return ActivityOut.model_validate(activity)
@@ -107,9 +115,7 @@ async def update_activity(
     current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> ActivityOut:
-    activity = await svc_get_activity(
-        db, activity_id, org_id=current_user.org_id
-    )
+    activity = await svc_get_activity(db, activity_id, org_id=current_user.org_id)
     if activity is None:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Activity not found")
     try:
@@ -130,9 +136,7 @@ async def complete_activity(
     current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> ActivityOut:
-    activity = await svc_get_activity(
-        db, activity_id, org_id=current_user.org_id
-    )
+    activity = await svc_get_activity(db, activity_id, org_id=current_user.org_id)
     if activity is None:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Activity not found")
     updated = await svc_complete_activity(db, activity, payload)
@@ -150,9 +154,7 @@ async def delete_activity(
     current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> Response:
-    activity = await svc_get_activity(
-        db, activity_id, org_id=current_user.org_id
-    )
+    activity = await svc_get_activity(db, activity_id, org_id=current_user.org_id)
     if activity is None:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Activity not found")
     await svc_soft_delete_activity(db, activity)
diff --git a/app/api/v1/auth.py b/app/api/v1/auth.py
index 8989901..a63c7bf 100644
--- a/app/api/v1/auth.py
+++ b/app/api/v1/auth.py
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 from app.core.config import get_settings
-from app.core.deps import get_current_user
 from app.core.db import get_db
+from app.core.deps import get_current_user
 from app.models.user import User
 from app.schemas.auth import (
     LogoutResponse,
@@ -127,9 +127,7 @@ async def refresh(
     from app.core.security import create_access_token
 
     role_str = (
-        current_user.role.value
-        if hasattr(current_user.role, "value")
-        else str(current_user.role)
+        current_user.role.value if hasattr(current_user.role, "value") else str(current_user.role)
     )
     token = create_access_token(current_user.id, current_user.org_id, role_str)
     return TokenResponse(
diff --git a/app/api/v1/contacts.py b/app/api/v1/contacts.py
index 907e12c..30a75fe 100644
--- a/app/api/v1/contacts.py
+++ b/app/api/v1/contacts.py
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Optional
-
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Response, status
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
@@ -13,10 +11,20 @@ from app.models.user import User
 from app.schemas.contact import ContactCreate, ContactOut, ContactUpdate
 from app.services.contact_service import (
     InvalidAccount,
+)
+from app.services.contact_service import (
     create_contact as svc_create_contact,
+)
+from app.services.contact_service import (
     get_contact as svc_get_contact,
+)
+from app.services.contact_service import (
     list_contacts as svc_list_contacts,
+)
+from app.services.contact_service import (
     soft_delete_contact as svc_soft_delete_contact,
+)
+from app.services.contact_service import (
     update_contact as svc_update_contact,
 )
 
@@ -51,9 +59,9 @@ async def create_contact(
 async def list_contacts(
     skip: int = Query(0, ge=0),
     limit: int = Query(20, ge=1, le=100),
-    account_id: Optional[int] = None,
-    owner_id: Optional[int] = None,
-    q: Optional[str] = None,
+    account_id: int | None = None,
+    owner_id: int | None = None,
+    q: str | None = None,
     current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> list[ContactOut]:
diff --git a/app/api/v1/dashboard.py b/app/api/v1/dashboard.py
index 4796f36..2b8c408 100644
--- a/app/api/v1/dashboard.py
+++ b/app/api/v1/dashboard.py
@@ -40,9 +40,7 @@ async def get_activity_feed_endpoint(
     current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> list[ActivityFeedItem]:
-    activities = await get_activity_feed(
-        db, org_id=current_user.org_id, limit=limit
-    )
+    activities = await get_activity_feed(db, org_id=current_user.org_id, limit=limit)
     return [ActivityFeedItem.model_validate(a) for a in activities]
 
 
diff --git a/app/api/v1/deals.py b/app/api/v1/deals.py
index 6a2d63a..a17f837 100644
--- a/app/api/v1/deals.py
+++ b/app/api/v1/deals.py
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Optional
-
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Response, status
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
@@ -20,12 +18,24 @@ from app.schemas.deal import (
 )
 from app.services.deal_service import (
     InvalidAccount,
-    create_deal as svc_create_deal,
-    get_deal as svc_get_deal,
     get_pipeline,
+)
+from app.services.deal_service import (
+    create_deal as svc_create_deal,
+)
+from app.services.deal_service import (
+    get_deal as svc_get_deal,
+)
+from app.services.deal_service import (
     list_deals as svc_list_deals,
+)
+from app.services.deal_service import (
     soft_delete_deal as svc_soft_delete_deal,
+)
+from app.services.deal_service import (
     update_deal as svc_update_deal,
+)
+from app.services.deal_service import (
     update_stage as svc_update_stage,
 )
 
@@ -60,9 +70,9 @@ async def create_deal(
 async def list_deals(
     skip: int = Query(0, ge=0),
     limit: int = Query(20, ge=1, le=100),
-    stage: Optional[DealStage] = None,
-    owner_id: Optional[int] = None,
-    account_id: Optional[int] = None,
+    stage: DealStage | None = None,
+    owner_id: int | None = None,
+    account_id: int | None = None,
     current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> list[DealOut]:
diff --git a/app/api/v1/notes.py b/app/api/v1/notes.py
index 3a75040..dd663be 100644
--- a/app/api/v1/notes.py
+++ b/app/api/v1/notes.py
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Optional
-
 from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Response, status
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
@@ -14,10 +12,20 @@ from app.models.user import User
 from app.schemas.note import NoteCreate, NoteOut, NoteUpdate
 from app.services.note_service import (
     InvalidParent,
+)
+from app.services.note_service import (
     create_note as svc_create_note,
+)
+from app.services.note_service import (
     get_note as svc_get_note,
+)
+from app.services.note_service import (
     list_notes as svc_list_notes,
+)
+from app.services.note_service import (
     soft_delete_note as svc_soft_delete_note,
+)
+from app.services.note_service import (
     update_note as svc_update_note,
 )
 
@@ -52,8 +60,8 @@ async def create_note(
 async def list_notes(
     skip: int = Query(0, ge=0),
     limit: int = Query(20, ge=1, le=100),
-    parent_type: Optional[NoteParentType] = None,
-    parent_id: Optional[int] = None,
+    parent_type: NoteParentType | None = None,
+    parent_id: int | None = None,
     current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> list[NoteOut]:
diff --git a/app/api/v1/tags.py b/app/api/v1/tags.py
index 0ef5753..82e68fc 100644
--- a/app/api/v1/tags.py
+++ b/app/api/v1/tags.py
@@ -13,9 +13,17 @@ from app.services.tag_service import (
     DuplicateTagLink,
     InvalidParent,
     TagNotFound,
+)
+from app.services.tag_service import (
     create_tag as svc_create_tag,
+)
+from app.services.tag_service import (
     link_tag as svc_link_tag,
+)
+from app.services.tag_service import (
     list_tags as svc_list_tags,
+)
+from app.services.tag_service import (
     unlink_tag as svc_unlink_tag,
 )
 
diff --git a/app/api/v1/users.py b/app/api/v1/users.py
index 1fc3f06..b5c69dc 100644
--- a/app/api/v1/users.py
+++ b/app/api/v1/users.py
@@ -42,9 +42,7 @@ async def update_me(
     db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> UserOut:
     """A user can update their own profile, but not their role."""
-    updated = await user_service.update_user_profile(
-        db, current_user, payload, is_admin=False
-    )
+    updated = await user_service.update_user_profile(db, current_user, payload, is_admin=False)
     return UserOut.model_validate(updated)
 
 
@@ -86,9 +84,7 @@ async def create_user(
 ) -> UserOut:
     """Admin creates a new user in the same org."""
     try:
-        new_user = await user_service.create_user_as_admin(
-            db, payload, org_id=current_user.org_id
-        )
+        new_user = await user_service.create_user_as_admin(db, payload, org_id=current_user.org_id)
     except user_service.EmailAlreadyTaken as e:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=409, detail=str(e)) from e
     return UserOut.model_validate(new_user)
@@ -124,9 +120,7 @@ async def update_user(
     if target.org_id != current_user.org_id:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="User not found")
 
-    updated = await user_service.update_user_profile(
-        db, target, payload, is_admin=is_admin
-    )
+    updated = await user_service.update_user_profile(db, target, payload, is_admin=is_admin)
     return UserOut.model_validate(updated)
 
 
@@ -143,9 +137,7 @@ async def delete_user(
 ) -> Response:
     """Sets deleted_at timestamp. The record stays in the DB for audit purposes."""
     if current_user.id == user_id:
-        raise HTTPException(
-            status_code=400, detail="You cannot delete your own account"
-        )
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="You cannot delete your own account")
 
     target = await user_service.get_user_by_id(db, user_id)
     if target is None or target.org_id != current_user.org_id:
diff --git a/app/core/deps.py b/app/core/deps.py
index 51d504b..1b457b1 100644
--- a/app/core/deps.py
+++ b/app/core/deps.py
@@ -42,9 +42,7 @@ async def get_current_user(
         raise credentials_exc from None
 
     # Load user fresh from DB to honor soft-delete and role changes
-    result = await db.execute(
-        select(User).where(User.id == user_id, User.deleted_at.is_(None))
-    )
+    result = await db.execute(select(User).where(User.id == user_id, User.deleted_at.is_(None)))
     user = result.scalar_one_or_none()
 
     if user is None:
@@ -57,9 +55,7 @@ async def get_current_admin_user(
     user: User = Depends(get_current_user),
 ) -> User:
     """Require the current user to have the admin role."""
-    user_role = (
-        user.role.value if hasattr(user.role, "value") else str(user.role)
-    )
+    user_role = user.role.value if hasattr(user.role, "value") else str(user.role)
     if user_role != UserRole.admin.value:
         raise HTTPException(
             status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN,
diff --git a/app/core/security.py b/app/core/security.py
index 6177dfd..e624013 100644
--- a/app/core/security.py
+++ b/app/core/security.py
@@ -91,9 +91,7 @@ def is_token_expired(token: str) -> bool:
     try:
         jwt.get_unverified_claims(token)
         # If decode succeeds, it's not expired.
-        jwt.decode(
-            token, _settings.AUTH_SECRET, algorithms=[_settings.JWT_ALGORITHM]
-        )
+        jwt.decode(token, _settings.AUTH_SECRET, algorithms=[_settings.JWT_ALGORITHM])
         return False
     except JWTError as e:
         return "expired" in str(e).lower() or "exp" in str(e).lower()
diff --git a/app/main.py b/app/main.py
index 8931c24..bbf6c93 100644
--- a/app/main.py
+++ b/app/main.py
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 import logging
 from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
-
 from pathlib import Path
 
 from fastapi import FastAPI, Request, status
@@ -129,17 +128,13 @@ def create_app() -> FastAPI:
         response.headers["X-Content-Type-Options"] = "nosniff"
         response.headers["X-Frame-Options"] = "DENY"
         if settings_local.is_production:
-            response.headers["Strict-Transport-Security"] = (
-                "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains"
-            )
+            response.headers["Strict-Transport-Security"] = "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains"
         return response
 
     # === Exception Handlers ===
 
     @app.exception_handler(StarletteHTTPException)
-    async def http_exception_handler(
-        request: Request, exc: StarletteHTTPException
-    ) -> JSONResponse:
+    async def http_exception_handler(request: Request, exc: StarletteHTTPException) -> JSONResponse:
         """Format HTTPException responses consistently."""
         # Distinguish token-expired for FR-1.7 acceptance criterion
         if exc.status_code == 401:
@@ -163,15 +158,14 @@ def create_app() -> FastAPI:
     ) -> JSONResponse:
         """Format Pydantic validation errors consistently."""
         from fastapi.encoders import jsonable_encoder
+
         return JSONResponse(
             status_code=status.HTTP_422_UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY,
             content={"detail": jsonable_encoder(exc.errors())},
         )
 
     @app.exception_handler(SQLAlchemyError)
-    async def sqlalchemy_exception_handler(
-        request: Request, exc: SQLAlchemyError
-    ) -> JSONResponse:
+    async def sqlalchemy_exception_handler(request: Request, exc: SQLAlchemyError) -> JSONResponse:
         """Log DB errors and return a 500 without leaking internals."""
         logger.exception("Database error on %s %s", request.method, request.url)
         return JSONResponse(
diff --git a/app/models/account.py b/app/models/account.py
index 0e3315c..20c8d41 100644
--- a/app/models/account.py
+++ b/app/models/account.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from enum import Enum
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Optional
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
 from sqlalchemy import JSON, ForeignKey, String
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@ from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
 from app.models.base import Base, OrgScopedMixin, SoftDeleteMixin, TimestampMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from app.models.user import User
+    from app.models.activity import Activity
     from app.models.contact import Contact
     from app.models.deal import Deal
-    from app.models.activity import Activity
     from app.models.note import Note
     from app.models.tag_link import TagLink
+    from app.models.user import User
 
 
 class Industry(str, Enum):
@@ -43,36 +43,28 @@ class Account(Base, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin, OrgScopedMixin):
 
     id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
     name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False, index=True)
-    website: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(512), nullable=True)
-    industry: Mapped[Optional[Industry]] = mapped_column(
-        String(32), nullable=True, index=True
-    )
-    size: Mapped[Optional[AccountSize]] = mapped_column(String(32), nullable=True)
-    address: Mapped[Optional[dict[str, Any]]] = mapped_column(JSON, nullable=True)
-    owner_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
-        ForeignKey("users.id"), nullable=False, index=True
-    )
+    website: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(512), nullable=True)
+    industry: Mapped[Industry | None] = mapped_column(String(32), nullable=True, index=True)
+    size: Mapped[AccountSize | None] = mapped_column(String(32), nullable=True)
+    address: Mapped[dict[str, Any] | None] = mapped_column(JSON, nullable=True)
+    owner_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(ForeignKey("users.id"), nullable=False, index=True)
 
     # Relationships
-    owner: Mapped["User"] = relationship(
-        "User", foreign_keys=[owner_id], lazy="joined"
-    )
-    contacts: Mapped[list["Contact"]] = relationship(
+    owner: Mapped[User] = relationship("User", foreign_keys=[owner_id], lazy="joined")
+    contacts: Mapped[list[Contact]] = relationship(
         "Contact", back_populates="account", lazy="selectin"
     )
-    deals: Mapped[list["Deal"]] = relationship(
-        "Deal", back_populates="account", lazy="selectin"
-    )
-    activities: Mapped[list["Activity"]] = relationship(
+    deals: Mapped[list[Deal]] = relationship("Deal", back_populates="account", lazy="selectin")
+    activities: Mapped[list[Activity]] = relationship(
         "Activity", back_populates="account", lazy="selectin"
     )
-    notes: Mapped[list["Note"]] = relationship(
+    notes: Mapped[list[Note]] = relationship(
         "Note",
         primaryjoin="and_(Account.id==foreign(Note.parent_id), Note.parent_type=='account')",
         viewonly=True,
         lazy="selectin",
     )
-    tags: Mapped[list["TagLink"]] = relationship(
+    tags: Mapped[list[TagLink]] = relationship(
         "TagLink",
         primaryjoin="and_(Account.id==foreign(TagLink.parent_id), TagLink.parent_type=='account')",
         viewonly=True,
diff --git a/app/models/activity.py b/app/models/activity.py
index b013841..feae350 100644
--- a/app/models/activity.py
+++ b/app/models/activity.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 from datetime import datetime
 from enum import Enum
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from sqlalchemy import DateTime, ForeignKey, String, Text
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
 from app.models.base import Base, OrgScopedMixin, SoftDeleteMixin, TimestampMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from app.models.user import User
     from app.models.account import Account
     from app.models.contact import Contact
     from app.models.deal import Deal
+    from app.models.user import User
 
 
 class ActivityType(str, Enum):
@@ -32,43 +32,31 @@ class Activity(Base, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin, OrgScopedMixin):
     __tablename__ = "activities"
 
     id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
-    type: Mapped[ActivityType] = mapped_column(
-        String(32), nullable=False, index=True
-    )
+    type: Mapped[ActivityType] = mapped_column(String(32), nullable=False, index=True)
     subject: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False)
-    body: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
-    due_date: Mapped[Optional[datetime]] = mapped_column(
+    body: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    due_date: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(
         DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True, index=True
     )
-    completed_at: Mapped[Optional[datetime]] = mapped_column(
-        DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True
-    )
-    account_id: Mapped[Optional[int]] = mapped_column(
+    completed_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=True)
+    account_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
         ForeignKey("accounts.id"), nullable=True, index=True
     )
-    contact_id: Mapped[Optional[int]] = mapped_column(
+    contact_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
         ForeignKey("contacts.id"), nullable=True, index=True
     )
-    deal_id: Mapped[Optional[int]] = mapped_column(
-        ForeignKey("deals.id"), nullable=True, index=True
-    )
-    owner_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
-        ForeignKey("users.id"), nullable=False, index=True
-    )
+    deal_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(ForeignKey("deals.id"), nullable=True, index=True)
+    owner_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(ForeignKey("users.id"), nullable=False, index=True)
 
     # Relationships
-    account: Mapped[Optional["Account"]] = relationship(
+    account: Mapped[Account | None] = relationship(
         "Account", back_populates="activities", lazy="selectin"
     )
-    contact: Mapped[Optional["Contact"]] = relationship(
+    contact: Mapped[Contact | None] = relationship(
         "Contact", back_populates="activities", lazy="selectin"
     )
-    deal: Mapped[Optional["Deal"]] = relationship(
-        "Deal", back_populates="activities", lazy="selectin"
-    )
-    owner: Mapped["User"] = relationship(
-        "User", foreign_keys=[owner_id], lazy="joined"
-    )
+    deal: Mapped[Deal | None] = relationship("Deal", back_populates="activities", lazy="selectin")
+    owner: Mapped[User] = relationship("User", foreign_keys=[owner_id], lazy="joined")
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
         return f"<Activity id={self.id} type={self.type} subject={self.subject!r}>"
diff --git a/app/models/base.py b/app/models/base.py
index dd6656b..e4518db 100644
--- a/app/models/base.py
+++ b/app/models/base.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from datetime import datetime
-from typing import Optional
 
 from sqlalchemy import DateTime, ForeignKey, func
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column
@@ -31,7 +30,7 @@ class TimestampMixin:
 class SoftDeleteMixin:
     """Adds deleted_at column for soft-delete pattern."""
 
-    deleted_at: Mapped[Optional[datetime]] = mapped_column(
+    deleted_at: Mapped[datetime | None] = mapped_column(
         DateTime(timezone=True),
         nullable=True,
         default=None,
diff --git a/app/models/contact.py b/app/models/contact.py
index f3d081f..9cc6953 100644
--- a/app/models/contact.py
+++ b/app/models/contact.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey, String
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
@@ -10,11 +10,11 @@ from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
 from app.models.base import Base, OrgScopedMixin, SoftDeleteMixin, TimestampMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from app.models.user import User
     from app.models.account import Account
     from app.models.activity import Activity
     from app.models.note import Note
     from app.models.tag_link import TagLink
+    from app.models.user import User
 
 
 class Contact(Base, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin, OrgScopedMixin):
@@ -23,32 +23,28 @@ class Contact(Base, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin, OrgScopedMixin):
     id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
     first_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(128), nullable=False)
     last_name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(128), nullable=False, index=True)
-    email: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=True, index=True)
-    phone: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(64), nullable=True)
-    account_id: Mapped[Optional[int]] = mapped_column(
+    email: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=True, index=True)
+    phone: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(64), nullable=True)
+    account_id: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(
         ForeignKey("accounts.id"), nullable=True, index=True
     )
-    owner_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
-        ForeignKey("users.id"), nullable=False, index=True
-    )
+    owner_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(ForeignKey("users.id"), nullable=False, index=True)
 
     # Relationships
-    account: Mapped[Optional["Account"]] = relationship(
+    account: Mapped[Account | None] = relationship(
         "Account", back_populates="contacts", lazy="selectin"
     )
-    owner: Mapped["User"] = relationship(
-        "User", foreign_keys=[owner_id], lazy="joined"
-    )
-    activities: Mapped[list["Activity"]] = relationship(
+    owner: Mapped[User] = relationship("User", foreign_keys=[owner_id], lazy="joined")
+    activities: Mapped[list[Activity]] = relationship(
         "Activity", back_populates="contact", lazy="selectin"
     )
-    notes: Mapped[list["Note"]] = relationship(
+    notes: Mapped[list[Note]] = relationship(
         "Note",
         primaryjoin="and_(Contact.id==foreign(Note.parent_id), Note.parent_type=='contact')",
         viewonly=True,
         lazy="selectin",
     )
-    tags: Mapped[list["TagLink"]] = relationship(
+    tags: Mapped[list[TagLink]] = relationship(
         "TagLink",
         primaryjoin="and_(Contact.id==foreign(TagLink.parent_id), TagLink.parent_type=='contact')",
         viewonly=True,
diff --git a/app/models/deal.py b/app/models/deal.py
index dd5ae4d..eea93ca 100644
--- a/app/models/deal.py
+++ b/app/models/deal.py
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 from datetime import date
 from decimal import Decimal
 from enum import Enum
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from sqlalchemy import Date, ForeignKey, Numeric, String
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
@@ -13,12 +13,12 @@ from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
 from app.models.base import Base, OrgScopedMixin, SoftDeleteMixin, TimestampMixin
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from app.models.user import User
     from app.models.account import Account
     from app.models.activity import Activity
+    from app.models.deal_stage_history import DealStageHistory
     from app.models.note import Note
     from app.models.tag_link import TagLink
-    from app.models.deal_stage_history import DealStageHistory
+    from app.models.user import User
 
 
 class DealStage(str, Enum):
@@ -48,39 +48,31 @@ class Deal(Base, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin, OrgScopedMixin):
         server_default=DealStage.lead.value,
         index=True,
     )
-    close_date: Mapped[Optional[date]] = mapped_column(Date, nullable=True)
-    account_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
-        ForeignKey("accounts.id"), nullable=False, index=True
-    )
-    owner_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
-        ForeignKey("users.id"), nullable=False, index=True
-    )
-    won_lost_reason: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(512), nullable=True)
+    close_date: Mapped[date | None] = mapped_column(Date, nullable=True)
+    account_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(ForeignKey("accounts.id"), nullable=False, index=True)
+    owner_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(ForeignKey("users.id"), nullable=False, index=True)
+    won_lost_reason: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(512), nullable=True)
 
     # Relationships
-    account: Mapped["Account"] = relationship(
-        "Account", back_populates="deals", lazy="selectin"
-    )
-    owner: Mapped["User"] = relationship(
-        "User", foreign_keys=[owner_id], lazy="joined"
-    )
-    stage_history: Mapped[list["DealStageHistory"]] = relationship(
+    account: Mapped[Account] = relationship("Account", back_populates="deals", lazy="selectin")
+    owner: Mapped[User] = relationship("User", foreign_keys=[owner_id], lazy="joined")
+    stage_history: Mapped[list[DealStageHistory]] = relationship(
         "DealStageHistory",
         back_populates="deal",
         cascade="all, delete-orphan",
         lazy="selectin",
         order_by="DealStageHistory.created_at",
     )
-    activities: Mapped[list["Activity"]] = relationship(
+    activities: Mapped[list[Activity]] = relationship(
         "Activity", back_populates="deal", lazy="selectin"
     )
-    notes: Mapped[list["Note"]] = relationship(
+    notes: Mapped[list[Note]] = relationship(
         "Note",
         primaryjoin="and_(Deal.id==foreign(Note.parent_id), Note.parent_type=='deal')",
         viewonly=True,
         lazy="selectin",
     )
-    tags: Mapped[list["TagLink"]] = relationship(
+    tags: Mapped[list[TagLink]] = relationship(
         "TagLink",
         primaryjoin="and_(Deal.id==foreign(TagLink.parent_id), TagLink.parent_type=='deal')",
         viewonly=True,
diff --git a/app/models/deal_stage_history.py b/app/models/deal_stage_history.py
index 86de67c..d0ed6c3 100644
--- a/app/models/deal_stage_history.py
+++ b/app/models/deal_stage_history.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from sqlalchemy import ForeignKey, String
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ from app.models.base import Base, OrgScopedMixin, TimestampMixin
 from app.models.deal import DealStage
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
-    from app.models.user import User
     from app.models.deal import Deal
+    from app.models.user import User
 
 
 class DealStageHistory(Base, TimestampMixin, OrgScopedMixin):
@@ -21,21 +21,13 @@ class DealStageHistory(Base, TimestampMixin, OrgScopedMixin):
     __tablename__ = "deal_stage_history"
 
     id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
-    deal_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
-        ForeignKey("deals.id"), nullable=False, index=True
-    )
-    from_stage: Mapped[Optional[DealStage]] = mapped_column(String(32), nullable=True)
+    deal_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(ForeignKey("deals.id"), nullable=False, index=True)
+    from_stage: Mapped[DealStage | None] = mapped_column(String(32), nullable=True)
     to_stage: Mapped[DealStage] = mapped_column(String(32), nullable=False)
-    changed_by: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
-        ForeignKey("users.id"), nullable=False
-    )
+    changed_by: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(ForeignKey("users.id"), nullable=False)
 
-    deal: Mapped["Deal"] = relationship(
-        "Deal", back_populates="stage_history", lazy="joined"
-    )
-    changer: Mapped["User"] = relationship(
-        "User", foreign_keys=[changed_by], lazy="joined"
-    )
+    deal: Mapped[Deal] = relationship("Deal", back_populates="stage_history", lazy="joined")
+    changer: Mapped[User] = relationship("User", foreign_keys=[changed_by], lazy="joined")
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
         return f"<DealStageHistory id={self.id} deal={self.deal_id} {self.from_stage}->{self.to_stage}>"
diff --git a/app/models/note.py b/app/models/note.py
index 8bab9cd..4c2a612 100644
--- a/app/models/note.py
+++ b/app/models/note.py
@@ -27,19 +27,13 @@ class Note(Base, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin, OrgScopedMixin):
 
     id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
     body: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=False)
-    author_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
-        ForeignKey("users.id"), nullable=False, index=True
-    )
-    parent_type: Mapped[NoteParentType] = mapped_column(
-        String(32), nullable=False, index=True
-    )
+    author_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(ForeignKey("users.id"), nullable=False, index=True)
+    parent_type: Mapped[NoteParentType] = mapped_column(String(32), nullable=False, index=True)
     # parent_id is intentionally NOT a DB FK because of polymorphic parent.
     # Service layer (note_service.create_note) validates existence.
     parent_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False, index=True)
 
-    author: Mapped["User"] = relationship(
-        "User", foreign_keys=[author_id], lazy="joined"
-    )
+    author: Mapped[User] = relationship("User", foreign_keys=[author_id], lazy="joined")
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
         return f"<Note id={self.id} parent={self.parent_type}:{self.parent_id}>"
diff --git a/app/models/org.py b/app/models/org.py
index ac97e67..08d2d70 100644
--- a/app/models/org.py
+++ b/app/models/org.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from sqlalchemy import String
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
@@ -18,13 +18,13 @@ class Org(Base, TimestampMixin):
 
     id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
     name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False)
-    logo_url: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(1024), nullable=True)
+    logo_url: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(1024), nullable=True)
     default_currency: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(
         String(3), nullable=False, default="EUR", server_default="EUR"
     )
 
     # Relationship to users (defined here to resolve circular import)
-    users: Mapped[list["User"]] = relationship(
+    users: Mapped[list[User]] = relationship(
         back_populates="org",
         lazy="selectin",
         cascade="all, delete-orphan",
diff --git a/app/models/tag.py b/app/models/tag.py
index 168f550..f2bfe7a 100644
--- a/app/models/tag.py
+++ b/app/models/tag.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class Tag(Base, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin, OrgScopedMixin):
     )
 
     # Relationships
-    links: Mapped[list["TagLink"]] = relationship(
+    links: Mapped[list[TagLink]] = relationship(
         "TagLink", back_populates="tag", cascade="all, delete-orphan", lazy="selectin"
     )
 
diff --git a/app/models/tag_link.py b/app/models/tag_link.py
index 1332f36..60cf813 100644
--- a/app/models/tag_link.py
+++ b/app/models/tag_link.py
@@ -24,27 +24,21 @@ class TagLinkParentType(str, Enum):
 
 class TagLink(Base, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin, OrgScopedMixin):
     __tablename__ = "tag_links"
-    __table_args__ = (
-        UniqueConstraint(
-            "tag_id", "parent_type", "parent_id", name="uq_tag_link"
-        ),
-    )
+    __table_args__ = (UniqueConstraint("tag_id", "parent_type", "parent_id", name="uq_tag_link"),)
 
     id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
-    tag_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
-        ForeignKey("tags.id"), nullable=False, index=True
-    )
-    parent_type: Mapped[TagLinkParentType] = mapped_column(
-        String(32), nullable=False, index=True
-    )
+    tag_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(ForeignKey("tags.id"), nullable=False, index=True)
+    parent_type: Mapped[TagLinkParentType] = mapped_column(String(32), nullable=False, index=True)
     # parent_id is intentionally NOT a DB FK because of polymorphic parent.
     # Service layer (tag_service.link_tag) validates existence.
     parent_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False, index=True)
 
-    tag: Mapped["Tag"] = relationship("Tag", back_populates="links", lazy="joined")
+    tag: Mapped[Tag] = relationship("Tag", back_populates="links", lazy="joined")
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
-        return f"<TagLink id={self.id} tag={self.tag_id} parent={self.parent_type}:{self.parent_id}>"
+        return (
+            f"<TagLink id={self.id} tag={self.tag_id} parent={self.parent_type}:{self.parent_id}>"
+        )
 
 
 __all__ = ["TagLink", "TagLinkParentType"]
diff --git a/app/models/user.py b/app/models/user.py
index 3fcdc35..d9bcb10 100644
--- a/app/models/user.py
+++ b/app/models/user.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from enum import Enum
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Optional
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from sqlalchemy import Boolean, String, UniqueConstraint
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
@@ -24,9 +24,7 @@ class UserRole(str, Enum):
 
 class User(Base, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin, OrgScopedMixin):
     __tablename__ = "users"
-    __table_args__ = (
-        UniqueConstraint("org_id", "email", name="uq_users_org_email"),
-    )
+    __table_args__ = (UniqueConstraint("org_id", "email", name="uq_users_org_email"),)
 
     id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
     email: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False, index=True)
@@ -38,13 +36,13 @@ class User(Base, TimestampMixin, SoftDeleteMixin, OrgScopedMixin):
         default=UserRole.sales_rep,
         server_default=UserRole.sales_rep.value,
     )
-    avatar_url: Mapped[Optional[str]] = mapped_column(String(1024), nullable=True)
+    avatar_url: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(1024), nullable=True)
     email_notifications: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(
         Boolean, nullable=False, default=True, server_default="1"
     )
 
     # Relationship back to org (string reference avoids circular import at runtime)
-    org: Mapped["Org"] = relationship(back_populates="users", lazy="joined")
+    org: Mapped[Org] = relationship(back_populates="users", lazy="joined")
 
     def __repr__(self) -> str:
         return f"<User id={self.id} email={self.email!r} role={self.role}>"
diff --git a/app/schemas/account.py b/app/schemas/account.py
index f4f0d21..5e43621 100644
--- a/app/schemas/account.py
+++ b/app/schemas/account.py
@@ -3,8 +3,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from datetime import datetime
-from decimal import Decimal
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
 
@@ -15,10 +14,10 @@ class AccountBase(BaseModel):
     """Shared fields for create/update."""
 
     name: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=255)
-    website: Optional[str] = Field(None, max_length=512)
-    industry: Optional[Industry] = None
-    size: Optional[AccountSize] = None
-    address: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None
+    website: str | None = Field(None, max_length=512)
+    industry: Industry | None = None
+    size: AccountSize | None = None
+    address: dict[str, Any] | None = None
 
 
 class AccountCreate(AccountBase):
@@ -30,11 +29,11 @@ class AccountCreate(AccountBase):
 class AccountUpdate(BaseModel):
     """Request body for PATCH /api/v1/accounts/{id}. All optional."""
 
-    name: Optional[str] = Field(None, min_length=1, max_length=255)
-    website: Optional[str] = Field(None, max_length=512)
-    industry: Optional[Industry] = None
-    size: Optional[AccountSize] = None
-    address: Optional[dict[str, Any]] = None
+    name: str | None = Field(None, min_length=1, max_length=255)
+    website: str | None = Field(None, max_length=512)
+    industry: Industry | None = None
+    size: AccountSize | None = None
+    address: dict[str, Any] | None = None
 
 
 class AccountOut(AccountBase):
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@ class AccountOut(AccountBase):
     owner_id: int
     created_at: datetime
     updated_at: datetime
-    deleted_at: Optional[datetime] = None
+    deleted_at: datetime | None = None
 
 
 class AccountListItem(AccountOut):
diff --git a/app/schemas/activity.py b/app/schemas/activity.py
index 4976d0c..52f7c71 100644
--- a/app/schemas/activity.py
+++ b/app/schemas/activity.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from datetime import datetime
-from typing import Optional
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, model_validator
 
@@ -13,18 +12,16 @@ from app.models.activity import ActivityType
 class ActivityBase(BaseModel):
     type: ActivityType
     subject: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=255)
-    body: Optional[str] = None
-    due_date: Optional[datetime] = None
-    account_id: Optional[int] = None
-    contact_id: Optional[int] = None
-    deal_id: Optional[int] = None
+    body: str | None = None
+    due_date: datetime | None = None
+    account_id: int | None = None
+    contact_id: int | None = None
+    deal_id: int | None = None
 
     @model_validator(mode="after")
-    def _check_at_least_one_parent(self) -> "ActivityBase":
+    def _check_at_least_one_parent(self) -> ActivityBase:
         if self.account_id is None and self.contact_id is None and self.deal_id is None:
-            raise ValueError(
-                "At least one of account_id, contact_id, deal_id must be set"
-            )
+            raise ValueError("At least one of account_id, contact_id, deal_id must be set")
         return self
 
 
@@ -33,13 +30,13 @@ class ActivityCreate(ActivityBase):
 
 
 class ActivityUpdate(BaseModel):
-    type: Optional[ActivityType] = None
-    subject: Optional[str] = Field(None, min_length=1, max_length=255)
-    body: Optional[str] = None
-    due_date: Optional[datetime] = None
-    account_id: Optional[int] = None
-    contact_id: Optional[int] = None
-    deal_id: Optional[int] = None
+    type: ActivityType | None = None
+    subject: str | None = Field(None, min_length=1, max_length=255)
+    body: str | None = None
+    due_date: datetime | None = None
+    account_id: int | None = None
+    contact_id: int | None = None
+    deal_id: int | None = None
 
 
 class ActivityOut(ActivityBase):
@@ -48,16 +45,16 @@ class ActivityOut(ActivityBase):
     id: int
     org_id: int
     owner_id: int
-    completed_at: Optional[datetime] = None
+    completed_at: datetime | None = None
     created_at: datetime
     updated_at: datetime
-    deleted_at: Optional[datetime] = None
+    deleted_at: datetime | None = None
 
 
 class ActivityCompleteRequest(BaseModel):
     """Body for PATCH /api/v1/activities/{id}/complete."""
 
-    outcome: Optional[str] = Field(None, max_length=2048)
+    outcome: str | None = Field(None, max_length=2048)
 
 
 __all__ = [
diff --git a/app/schemas/auth.py b/app/schemas/auth.py
index fd414f7..f82094c 100644
--- a/app/schemas/auth.py
+++ b/app/schemas/auth.py
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Optional
-
 from pydantic import BaseModel, EmailStr, Field
 
 from app.models.user import UserRole
@@ -49,7 +47,7 @@ class RegisterResponse(BaseModel):
     Returns the user info (without password) plus an access token.
     """
 
-    user: "UserOut"
+    user: UserOut
     access_token: str
     token_type: str = "bearer"
     expires_in: int
diff --git a/app/schemas/common.py b/app/schemas/common.py
index dad3865..f40a9e2 100644
--- a/app/schemas/common.py
+++ b/app/schemas/common.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Generic, List, Optional, TypeVar
+from typing import Generic, TypeVar
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
 
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class PaginatedResponse(BaseModel, Generic[T]):
 
     model_config = ConfigDict(from_attributes=True)
 
-    items: List[T]  # type: ignore[valid-type]
+    items: list[T]  # type: ignore[valid-type]
     total: int
     skip: int
     limit: int
diff --git a/app/schemas/contact.py b/app/schemas/contact.py
index da19df6..843d4d5 100644
--- a/app/schemas/contact.py
+++ b/app/schemas/contact.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from datetime import datetime
-from typing import Optional
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, EmailStr, Field
 
@@ -11,9 +10,9 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, EmailStr, Field
 class ContactBase(BaseModel):
     first_name: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=128)
     last_name: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=128)
-    email: Optional[EmailStr] = None
-    phone: Optional[str] = Field(None, max_length=64)
-    account_id: Optional[int] = None
+    email: EmailStr | None = None
+    phone: str | None = Field(None, max_length=64)
+    account_id: int | None = None
 
 
 class ContactCreate(ContactBase):
@@ -21,11 +20,11 @@ class ContactCreate(ContactBase):
 
 
 class ContactUpdate(BaseModel):
-    first_name: Optional[str] = Field(None, min_length=1, max_length=128)
-    last_name: Optional[str] = Field(None, min_length=1, max_length=128)
-    email: Optional[EmailStr] = None
-    phone: Optional[str] = Field(None, max_length=64)
-    account_id: Optional[int] = None
+    first_name: str | None = Field(None, min_length=1, max_length=128)
+    last_name: str | None = Field(None, min_length=1, max_length=128)
+    email: EmailStr | None = None
+    phone: str | None = Field(None, max_length=64)
+    account_id: int | None = None
 
 
 class ContactOut(ContactBase):
@@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ class ContactOut(ContactBase):
     owner_id: int
     created_at: datetime
     updated_at: datetime
-    deleted_at: Optional[datetime] = None
+    deleted_at: datetime | None = None
 
 
 class ContactListItem(ContactOut):
diff --git a/app/schemas/dashboard.py b/app/schemas/dashboard.py
index 0fe22f2..ffb4279 100644
--- a/app/schemas/dashboard.py
+++ b/app/schemas/dashboard.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from datetime import datetime
-from typing import Optional
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
 
@@ -27,13 +26,13 @@ class ActivityFeedItem(BaseModel):
     id: int
     type: ActivityType
     subject: str
-    body: Optional[str] = None
-    account_id: Optional[int] = None
-    contact_id: Optional[int] = None
-    deal_id: Optional[int] = None
+    body: str | None = None
+    account_id: int | None = None
+    contact_id: int | None = None
+    deal_id: int | None = None
     owner_id: int
-    completed_at: Optional[datetime] = None
-    due_date: Optional[datetime] = None
+    completed_at: datetime | None = None
+    due_date: datetime | None = None
     created_at: datetime
 
 
diff --git a/app/schemas/deal.py b/app/schemas/deal.py
index 2a2ff0c..cda50e7 100644
--- a/app/schemas/deal.py
+++ b/app/schemas/deal.py
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 from datetime import date, datetime
 from decimal import Decimal
-from typing import Optional
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
 
@@ -16,9 +15,9 @@ class DealBase(BaseModel):
     value: Decimal = Field(default=Decimal("0"), max_digits=12, decimal_places=2)
     currency: str = Field(default="EUR", min_length=3, max_length=3)
     stage: DealStage = DealStage.lead
-    close_date: Optional[date] = None
+    close_date: date | None = None
     account_id: int
-    won_lost_reason: Optional[str] = Field(None, max_length=512)
+    won_lost_reason: str | None = Field(None, max_length=512)
 
 
 class DealCreate(DealBase):
@@ -26,11 +25,11 @@ class DealCreate(DealBase):
 
 
 class DealUpdate(BaseModel):
-    title: Optional[str] = Field(None, min_length=1, max_length=255)
-    value: Optional[Decimal] = Field(None, max_digits=12, decimal_places=2)
-    currency: Optional[str] = Field(None, min_length=3, max_length=3)
-    close_date: Optional[date] = None
-    won_lost_reason: Optional[str] = Field(None, max_length=512)
+    title: str | None = Field(None, min_length=1, max_length=255)
+    value: Decimal | None = Field(None, max_digits=12, decimal_places=2)
+    currency: str | None = Field(None, min_length=3, max_length=3)
+    close_date: date | None = None
+    won_lost_reason: str | None = Field(None, max_length=512)
 
 
 class DealOut(DealBase):
@@ -41,7 +40,7 @@ class DealOut(DealBase):
     owner_id: int
     created_at: datetime
     updated_at: datetime
-    deleted_at: Optional[datetime] = None
+    deleted_at: datetime | None = None
 
 
 class DealListItem(DealOut):
@@ -52,7 +51,7 @@ class DealStageUpdate(BaseModel):
     """Body for PATCH /api/v1/deals/{id}/stage."""
 
     stage: DealStage
-    reason: Optional[str] = Field(None, max_length=512)
+    reason: str | None = Field(None, max_length=512)
 
 
 class DealPipelineOut(BaseModel):
diff --git a/app/schemas/note.py b/app/schemas/note.py
index c414ed2..7a813d0 100644
--- a/app/schemas/note.py
+++ b/app/schemas/note.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from datetime import datetime
-from typing import Optional
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
 
@@ -21,7 +20,7 @@ class NoteCreate(BaseModel):
 class NoteUpdate(BaseModel):
     """Body for PATCH /api/v1/notes/{id}."""
 
-    body: Optional[str] = Field(None, min_length=1)
+    body: str | None = Field(None, min_length=1)
 
 
 class NoteOut(BaseModel):
@@ -37,7 +36,7 @@ class NoteOut(BaseModel):
     parent_id: int
     created_at: datetime
     updated_at: datetime
-    deleted_at: Optional[datetime] = None
+    deleted_at: datetime | None = None
 
 
 __all__ = ["NoteCreate", "NoteOut", "NoteUpdate"]
diff --git a/app/schemas/tag.py b/app/schemas/tag.py
index 63d4cd9..d7bfc86 100644
--- a/app/schemas/tag.py
+++ b/app/schemas/tag.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from datetime import datetime
-from typing import Optional
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field
 
@@ -28,7 +27,7 @@ class TagOut(BaseModel):
     color: str
     created_at: datetime
     updated_at: datetime
-    deleted_at: Optional[datetime] = None
+    deleted_at: datetime | None = None
 
 
 class TagLinkCreate(BaseModel):
@@ -51,7 +50,7 @@ class TagLinkOut(BaseModel):
     parent_id: int
     created_at: datetime
     updated_at: datetime
-    deleted_at: Optional[datetime] = None
+    deleted_at: datetime | None = None
 
 
 __all__ = ["TagCreate", "TagLinkCreate", "TagLinkOut", "TagOut"]
diff --git a/app/schemas/user.py b/app/schemas/user.py
index 56bd139..6d9b9ae 100644
--- a/app/schemas/user.py
+++ b/app/schemas/user.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from datetime import datetime
-from typing import Optional
 
 from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict, EmailStr, Field
 
@@ -20,7 +19,7 @@ class UserOut(BaseModel):
     name: str
     role: UserRole
     org_id: int
-    avatar_url: Optional[str] = None
+    avatar_url: str | None = None
     email_notifications: bool = True
     created_at: datetime
 
@@ -28,10 +27,10 @@ class UserOut(BaseModel):
 class UserUpdate(BaseModel):
     """Request body for PATCH /api/v1/users/{id} (admin or self)."""
 
-    name: Optional[str] = Field(None, min_length=1, max_length=255)
-    avatar_url: Optional[str] = Field(None, max_length=1024)
-    email_notifications: Optional[bool] = None
-    role: Optional[UserRole] = None  # admin-only
+    name: str | None = Field(None, min_length=1, max_length=255)
+    avatar_url: str | None = Field(None, max_length=1024)
+    email_notifications: bool | None = None
+    role: UserRole | None = None  # admin-only
 
 
 class UserCreateRequest(BaseModel):
diff --git a/app/services/_base.py b/app/services/_base.py
index 47e7416..a64d56e 100644
--- a/app/services/_base.py
+++ b/app/services/_base.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ router layer passes `current_user.org_id`.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Any, Optional
+from typing import Any
 
 from sqlalchemy import select
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ class OrgScopedQuery:
         self,
         skip: int = 0,
         limit: int = 20,
-        order_by: Optional[Any] = None,
+        order_by: Any | None = None,
         **filters: Any,
     ) -> list[Any]:
         """List records scoped to org, with optional filters and pagination."""
@@ -65,9 +65,13 @@ class OrgScopedQuery:
         """Count records scoped to org, with optional filters."""
         from sqlalchemy import func as sa_func
 
-        stmt = select(sa_func.count()).select_from(self.model).where(
-            self.model.org_id == self.org_id,
-            self.model.deleted_at.is_(None),
+        stmt = (
+            select(sa_func.count())
+            .select_from(self.model)
+            .where(
+                self.model.org_id == self.org_id,
+                self.model.deleted_at.is_(None),
+            )
         )
         for field, value in filters.items():
             if value is not None:
diff --git a/app/services/account_service.py b/app/services/account_service.py
index 400e22a..f3a56bb 100644
--- a/app/services/account_service.py
+++ b/app/services/account_service.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from datetime import UTC, datetime
-from typing import Optional
 
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
@@ -19,7 +18,6 @@ async def create_account(
     db: AsyncSession, payload: AccountCreate, *, org_id: int, owner_id: int
 ) -> Account:
     """Create a new account in the given org."""
-    from app.services._base import OrgScopedQuery
 
     account = Account(
         org_id=org_id,
@@ -36,9 +34,7 @@ async def create_account(
     return account
 
 
-async def get_account(
-    db: AsyncSession, account_id: int, *, org_id: int
-) -> Optional[Account]:
+async def get_account(db: AsyncSession, account_id: int, *, org_id: int) -> Account | None:
     """Fetch a single account by id (org-scoped, not soft-deleted)."""
     from app.services._base import OrgScopedQuery
 
@@ -52,10 +48,10 @@ async def list_accounts(
     org_id: int,
     skip: int = 0,
     limit: int = 20,
-    industry: Optional[str] = None,
-    size: Optional[str] = None,
-    owner_id: Optional[int] = None,
-    q: Optional[str] = None,
+    industry: str | None = None,
+    size: str | None = None,
+    owner_id: int | None = None,
+    q: str | None = None,
 ) -> list[Account]:
     """List accounts with filters and search."""
     from app.services._base import OrgScopedQuery
@@ -76,9 +72,7 @@ async def list_accounts(
     return base
 
 
-async def update_account(
-    db: AsyncSession, account: Account, payload: AccountUpdate
-) -> Account:
+async def update_account(db: AsyncSession, account: Account, payload: AccountUpdate) -> Account:
     """Apply partial updates to an account."""
     data = payload.model_dump(exclude_unset=True)
     for field, value in data.items():
diff --git a/app/services/activity_service.py b/app/services/activity_service.py
index bf13693..78cb698 100644
--- a/app/services/activity_service.py
+++ b/app/services/activity_service.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from datetime import UTC, datetime
-from typing import Optional
 
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
@@ -24,9 +23,9 @@ async def _validate_parents(
     db: AsyncSession,
     *,
     org_id: int,
-    account_id: Optional[int],
-    contact_id: Optional[int],
-    deal_id: Optional[int],
+    account_id: int | None,
+    contact_id: int | None,
+    deal_id: int | None,
 ) -> None:
     """Ensure at least one parent is set and each provided id exists in org."""
     if account_id is None and contact_id is None and deal_id is None:
@@ -35,14 +34,17 @@ async def _validate_parents(
         )
     if account_id is not None:
         from app.models.account import Account
+
         if await OrgScopedQuery(Account, db, org_id=org_id).get(account_id) is None:
             raise NoParentException(f"Account {account_id} not found in this org")
     if contact_id is not None:
         from app.models.contact import Contact
+
         if await OrgScopedQuery(Contact, db, org_id=org_id).get(contact_id) is None:
             raise NoParentException(f"Contact {contact_id} not found in this org")
     if deal_id is not None:
         from app.models.deal import Deal
+
         if await OrgScopedQuery(Deal, db, org_id=org_id).get(deal_id) is None:
             raise NoParentException(f"Deal {deal_id} not found in this org")
 
@@ -79,9 +81,7 @@ async def create_activity(
     return activity
 
 
-async def get_activity(
-    db: AsyncSession, activity_id: int, *, org_id: int
-) -> Optional[Activity]:
+async def get_activity(db: AsyncSession, activity_id: int, *, org_id: int) -> Activity | None:
     """Fetch a single activity by id."""
     q = OrgScopedQuery(Activity, db, org_id=org_id)
     return await q.get(activity_id)
@@ -93,10 +93,10 @@ async def list_activities(
     org_id: int,
     skip: int = 0,
     limit: int = 20,
-    type: Optional[ActivityType] = None,
-    owner_id: Optional[int] = None,
-    overdue: Optional[bool] = None,
-    completed: Optional[bool] = None,
+    type: ActivityType | None = None,
+    owner_id: int | None = None,
+    overdue: bool | None = None,
+    completed: bool | None = None,
 ) -> list[Activity]:
     """List activities with optional filters."""
     scoped = OrgScopedQuery(Activity, db, org_id=org_id)
@@ -110,7 +110,8 @@ async def list_activities(
     now = datetime.now(UTC).replace(tzinfo=None)  # SQLite returns naive datetimes
     if overdue is True:
         base = [
-            a for a in base
+            a
+            for a in base
             if a.due_date is not None and a.due_date < now and a.completed_at is None
         ]
     if completed is True:
@@ -162,9 +163,7 @@ async def complete_activity(
     return activity
 
 
-async def soft_delete_activity(
-    db: AsyncSession, activity: Activity
-) -> Activity:
+async def soft_delete_activity(db: AsyncSession, activity: Activity) -> Activity:
     """Soft-delete an activity."""
     activity.deleted_at = datetime.now(UTC)
     await db.commit()
diff --git a/app/services/auth_service.py b/app/services/auth_service.py
index 6e4aa0e..93ca952 100644
--- a/app/services/auth_service.py
+++ b/app/services/auth_service.py
@@ -2,8 +2,6 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from typing import Optional
-
 from sqlalchemy import select
 from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
@@ -35,15 +33,11 @@ class InvalidCredentials(AuthError):
 
 async def count_users(db: AsyncSession) -> int:
     """Count active (non-soft-deleted) users. Used to gate bootstrap registration."""
-    result = await db.execute(
-        select(User).where(User.deleted_at.is_(None))
-    )
+    result = await db.execute(select(User).where(User.deleted_at.is_(None)))
     return len(result.scalars().all())
 
 
-async def register_user(
-    db: AsyncSession, payload: UserRegisterRequest
-) -> tuple[User, str]:
+async def register_user(db: AsyncSession, payload: UserRegisterRequest) -> tuple[User, str]:
     """Bootstrap registration.
 
     Creates a new Org and the first user (or a new user in the existing org
@@ -81,9 +75,7 @@ async def register_user(
         await db.commit()
     except IntegrityError as e:
         await db.rollback()
-        raise EmailAlreadyExists(
-            f"A user with email {payload.email!r} already exists."
-        ) from e
+        raise EmailAlreadyExists(f"A user with email {payload.email!r} already exists.") from e
 
     await db.refresh(user)
 
@@ -92,9 +84,7 @@ async def register_user(
     return user, token
 
 
-async def authenticate_user(
-    db: AsyncSession, email: str, password: str
-) -> Optional[tuple[User, str]]:
+async def authenticate_user(db: AsyncSession, email: str, password: str) -> tuple[User, str] | None:
     """Verify credentials and return (user, token) on success, None on failure.
 
     The endpoint wraps this and returns 401 on None — keeping the
diff --git a/app/services/contact_service.py b/app/services/contact_service.py
index 112a26f..a6204b5 100644
--- a/app/services/contact_service.py
+++ b/app/services/contact_service.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from datetime import UTC, datetime
-from typing import Optional
 
 from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
@@ -22,9 +21,7 @@ class InvalidAccount(Exception):
     """Raised when account_id points to a non-existent account."""
 
 
-async def _validate_account(
-    db: AsyncSession, account_id: int, *, org_id: int
-) -> None:
+async def _validate_account(db: AsyncSession, account_id: int, *, org_id: int) -> None:
     """Raise if account_id does not exist within the org."""
     if account_id is None:
         return
@@ -62,9 +59,7 @@ async def create_contact(
     return contact
 
 
-async def get_contact(
-    db: AsyncSession, contact_id: int, *, org_id: int
-) -> Optional[Contact]:
+async def get_contact(db: AsyncSession, contact_id: int, *, org_id: int) -> Contact | None:
     """Fetch a single contact by id."""
     q = OrgScopedQuery(Contact, db, org_id=org_id)
     return await q.get(contact_id)
@@ -76,9 +71,9 @@ async def list_contacts(
     org_id: int,
     skip: int = 0,
     limit: int = 20,
-    account_id: Optional[int] = None,
-    owner_id: Optional[int] = None,
-    q: Optional[str] = None,
+    account_id: int | None = None,
+    owner_id: int | None = None,
+    q: str | None = None,
 ) -> list[Contact]:
     """List contacts with filters and search."""
     scoped = OrgScopedQuery(Contact, db, org_id=org_id)
@@ -101,9 +96,7 @@ async def list_contacts(
     return base
 
 
-async def update_contact(
-    db: AsyncSession, contact: Contact, payload: ContactUpdate
-) -> Contact:
+async def update_contact(db: AsyncSession, contact: Contact, payload: ContactUpdate) -> Contact:
     """Apply partial updates to a contact."""
     data = payload.model_dump(exclude_unset=True)
     if "account_id" in data and data["account_id"] is not None:
diff --git a/app/services/dashboard_service.py b/app/services/dashboard_service.py
index 6ffb7b2..b4870b3 100644
--- a/app/services/dashboard_service.py
+++ b/app/services/dashboard_service.py
@@ -22,16 +22,13 @@ async def get_kpis(db: AsyncSession, *, org_id: int) -> dict[str, object]:
     open_deals = [d for d in all_deals if d.stage in open_stages]
     open_deals_count = len(open_deals)
 
-    pipeline_value = float(
-        sum((d.value for d in open_deals), Decimal("0"))
-    )
+    pipeline_value = float(sum((d.value for d in open_deals), Decimal("0")))
 
     now = datetime.now(UTC)
     # SQLite returns naive datetimes; strip tz for comparison
     month_start = now.replace(tzinfo=None, day=1, hour=0, minute=0, second=0, microsecond=0)
     won_this_month = [
-        d for d in all_deals
-        if d.stage == DealStage.won and d.created_at >= month_start
+        d for d in all_deals if d.stage == DealStage.won and d.created_at >= month_start
     ]
     won_count = len(won_this_month)
 
@@ -50,9 +47,7 @@ async def get_kpis(db: AsyncSession, *, org_id: int) -> dict[str, object]:
     }
 
 
-async def get_activity_feed(
-    db: AsyncSession, *, org_id: int, limit: int = 20
-) -> list[Activity]:
+async def get_activity_feed(db: AsyncSession, *, org_id: int, limit: int = 20) -> list[Activity]:
     """Return the most recent activities, ordered by created_at desc."""
     result = await db.execute(
         select(Activity)
diff --git a/app/services/deal_service.py b/app/services/deal_service.py
index 2e577d3..09c2afb 100644
--- a/app/services/deal_service.py
+++ b/app/services/deal_service.py
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 from collections import defaultdict
 from datetime import UTC, datetime
 from decimal import Decimal
-from typing import Optional
 
 from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
@@ -75,9 +74,7 @@ async def create_deal(
     return deal
 
 
-async def get_deal(
-    db: AsyncSession, deal_id: int, *, org_id: int
-) -> Optional[Deal]:
+async def get_deal(db: AsyncSession, deal_id: int, *, org_id: int) -> Deal | None:
     """Fetch a single deal by id."""
     q = OrgScopedQuery(Deal, db, org_id=org_id)
     return await q.get(deal_id)
@@ -89,9 +86,9 @@ async def list_deals(
     org_id: int,
     skip: int = 0,
     limit: int = 20,
-    stage: Optional[str] = None,
-    owner_id: Optional[int] = None,
-    account_id: Optional[int] = None,
+    stage: str | None = None,
+    owner_id: int | None = None,
+    account_id: int | None = None,
 ) -> list[Deal]:
     """List deals with optional filters."""
     scoped = OrgScopedQuery(Deal, db, org_id=org_id)
@@ -105,9 +102,7 @@ async def list_deals(
     )
 
 
-async def update_deal(
-    db: AsyncSession, deal: Deal, payload: DealUpdate
-) -> Deal:
+async def update_deal(db: AsyncSession, deal: Deal, payload: DealUpdate) -> Deal:
     """Apply partial updates to a deal. Does NOT change stage (use update_stage)."""
     data = payload.model_dump(exclude_unset=True)
     # Disallow direct stage changes via update endpoint
@@ -126,7 +121,7 @@ async def update_stage(
     new_stage: DealStage,
     *,
     changed_by: int,
-    reason: Optional[str] = None,
+    reason: str | None = None,
 ) -> Deal:
     """Change a deal's stage and append a DealStageHistory record."""
     from_stage_str = _stage_value(deal.stage)
@@ -151,9 +146,7 @@ async def update_stage(
     return deal
 
 
-async def get_pipeline(
-    db: AsyncSession, *, org_id: int
-) -> list[dict[str, object]]:
+async def get_pipeline(db: AsyncSession, *, org_id: int) -> list[dict[str, object]]:
     """Return deals grouped by stage for the pipeline view."""
     scoped = OrgScopedQuery(Deal, db, org_id=org_id)
     all_deals = await scoped.list(skip=0, limit=10_000, order_by=Deal.id)
diff --git a/app/services/note_service.py b/app/services/note_service.py
index 597fac4..ac726e7 100644
--- a/app/services/note_service.py
+++ b/app/services/note_service.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from datetime import UTC, datetime
-from typing import Optional
 
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
@@ -37,19 +36,13 @@ async def _validate_parent(
     """Verify the (parent_type, parent_id) tuple points to an existing entity in org."""
     if parent_type == NoteParentType.account:
         if await OrgScopedQuery(Account, db, org_id=org_id).get(parent_id) is None:
-            raise InvalidParent(
-                f"Account {parent_id} not found in this org (R-2 validation)"
-            )
+            raise InvalidParent(f"Account {parent_id} not found in this org (R-2 validation)")
     elif parent_type == NoteParentType.contact:
         if await OrgScopedQuery(Contact, db, org_id=org_id).get(parent_id) is None:
-            raise InvalidParent(
-                f"Contact {parent_id} not found in this org (R-2 validation)"
-            )
+            raise InvalidParent(f"Contact {parent_id} not found in this org (R-2 validation)")
     elif parent_type == NoteParentType.deal:
         if await OrgScopedQuery(Deal, db, org_id=org_id).get(parent_id) is None:
-            raise InvalidParent(
-                f"Deal {parent_id} not found in this org (R-2 validation)"
-            )
+            raise InvalidParent(f"Deal {parent_id} not found in this org (R-2 validation)")
 
 
 async def create_note(
@@ -84,9 +77,7 @@ async def create_note(
     return note
 
 
-async def get_note(
-    db: AsyncSession, note_id: int, *, org_id: int
-) -> Optional[Note]:
+async def get_note(db: AsyncSession, note_id: int, *, org_id: int) -> Note | None:
     """Fetch a single note by id."""
     q = OrgScopedQuery(Note, db, org_id=org_id)
     return await q.get(note_id)
@@ -98,8 +89,8 @@ async def list_notes(
     org_id: int,
     skip: int = 0,
     limit: int = 20,
-    parent_type: Optional[str] = None,
-    parent_id: Optional[int] = None,
+    parent_type: str | None = None,
+    parent_id: int | None = None,
 ) -> list[Note]:
     """List notes with optional parent filters."""
     scoped = OrgScopedQuery(Note, db, org_id=org_id)
@@ -112,9 +103,7 @@ async def list_notes(
     )
 
 
-async def update_note(
-    db: AsyncSession, note: Note, payload: NoteUpdate
-) -> Note:
+async def update_note(db: AsyncSession, note: Note, payload: NoteUpdate) -> Note:
     """Apply partial updates to a note. Does NOT change parent (notes are pinned)."""
     data = payload.model_dump(exclude_unset=True)
     data.pop("parent_type", None)
diff --git a/app/services/tag_service.py b/app/services/tag_service.py
index 377bafc..9feaa15 100644
--- a/app/services/tag_service.py
+++ b/app/services/tag_service.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 from datetime import UTC, datetime
-from typing import Optional
 
 from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
@@ -39,24 +38,16 @@ async def _validate_parent(
     """Verify (parent_type, parent_id) points to an existing entity in org."""
     if parent_type == TagLinkParentType.account:
         if await OrgScopedQuery(Account, db, org_id=org_id).get(parent_id) is None:
-            raise InvalidParent(
-                f"Account {parent_id} not found in this org (R-2 validation)"
-            )
+            raise InvalidParent(f"Account {parent_id} not found in this org (R-2 validation)")
     elif parent_type == TagLinkParentType.contact:
         if await OrgScopedQuery(Contact, db, org_id=org_id).get(parent_id) is None:
-            raise InvalidParent(
-                f"Contact {parent_id} not found in this org (R-2 validation)"
-            )
+            raise InvalidParent(f"Contact {parent_id} not found in this org (R-2 validation)")
     elif parent_type == TagLinkParentType.deal:
         if await OrgScopedQuery(Deal, db, org_id=org_id).get(parent_id) is None:
-            raise InvalidParent(
-                f"Deal {parent_id} not found in this org (R-2 validation)"
-            )
+            raise InvalidParent(f"Deal {parent_id} not found in this org (R-2 validation)")
 
 
-async def create_tag(
-    db: AsyncSession, payload: TagCreate, *, org_id: int
-) -> Tag:
+async def create_tag(db: AsyncSession, payload: TagCreate, *, org_id: int) -> Tag:
     """Create a new tag in the given org."""
     tag = Tag(
         org_id=org_id,
@@ -75,14 +66,12 @@ async def list_tags(db: AsyncSession, *, org_id: int) -> list[Tag]:
     return await scoped.list(skip=0, limit=1000, order_by=Tag.id)
 
 
-async def get_tag(db: AsyncSession, tag_id: int, *, org_id: int) -> Optional[Tag]:
+async def get_tag(db: AsyncSession, tag_id: int, *, org_id: int) -> Tag | None:
     """Fetch a single tag by id."""
     return await OrgScopedQuery(Tag, db, org_id=org_id).get(tag_id)
 
 
-async def link_tag(
-    db: AsyncSession, payload: TagLinkCreate, *, org_id: int
-) -> TagLink:
+async def link_tag(db: AsyncSession, payload: TagLinkCreate, *, org_id: int) -> TagLink:
     """Link a tag to an entity. R-2: validates parent exists."""
     parent_type = (
         payload.parent_type
diff --git a/app/services/user_service.py b/app/services/user_service.py
index 132d550..c821150 100644
--- a/app/services/user_service.py
+++ b/app/services/user_service.py
@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from datetime import datetime, UTC
-from typing import Optional
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
 
 from sqlalchemy import func, select
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
@@ -21,17 +20,13 @@ class EmailAlreadyTaken(Exception):
     """Raised when attempting to create/update a user with an existing email."""
 
 
-async def get_user_by_id(db: AsyncSession, user_id: int) -> Optional[User]:
+async def get_user_by_id(db: AsyncSession, user_id: int) -> User | None:
     """Fetch a user by ID (active only, soft-deleted excluded)."""
-    result = await db.execute(
-        select(User).where(User.id == user_id, User.deleted_at.is_(None))
-    )
+    result = await db.execute(select(User).where(User.id == user_id, User.deleted_at.is_(None)))
     return result.scalar_one_or_none()
 
 
-async def get_user_by_email(
-    db: AsyncSession, email: str, org_id: Optional[int] = None
-) -> Optional[User]:
+async def get_user_by_email(db: AsyncSession, email: str, org_id: int | None = None) -> User | None:
     """Fetch a user by email, optionally scoped to an org."""
     stmt = select(User).where(
         User.email == email.lower(),
@@ -73,15 +68,11 @@ async def soft_delete_user(db: AsyncSession, user: User) -> User:
     return user
 
 
-async def create_user_as_admin(
-    db: AsyncSession, payload: UserCreateRequest, org_id: int
-) -> User:
+async def create_user_as_admin(db: AsyncSession, payload: UserCreateRequest, org_id: int) -> User:
     """Create a new user in the given org (admin-only flow)."""
     existing = await get_user_by_email(db, payload.email, org_id=org_id)
     if existing is not None:
-        raise EmailAlreadyTaken(
-            f"A user with email {payload.email!r} already exists in this org."
-        )
+        raise EmailAlreadyTaken(f"A user with email {payload.email!r} already exists in this org.")
 
     user = User(
         org_id=org_id,
@@ -96,9 +87,7 @@ async def create_user_as_admin(
     return user
 
 
-async def list_users(
-    db: AsyncSession, org_id: int, skip: int = 0, limit: int = 50
-) -> list[User]:
+async def list_users(db: AsyncSession, org_id: int, skip: int = 0, limit: int = 50) -> list[User]:
     """List active users in an org, paginated."""
     result = await db.execute(
         select(User)
diff --git a/tests/conftest.py b/tests/conftest.py
index 8ec8857..5e561de 100644
--- a/tests/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/conftest.py
@@ -44,9 +44,7 @@ async def session_factory(
     engine: AsyncEngine,
 ) -> async_sessionmaker[AsyncSession]:
     """Session factory bound to the test engine."""
-    return async_sessionmaker(
-        bind=engine, expire_on_commit=False, class_=AsyncSession
-    )
+    return async_sessionmaker(bind=engine, expire_on_commit=False, class_=AsyncSession)
 
 
 @pytest_asyncio.fixture
@@ -131,7 +129,9 @@ async def second_user(
         "/api/v1/auth/login",
         data={"username": payload["email"], "password": payload["password"]},
     )
-    assert login_resp.status_code == 200, f"login failed: {login_resp.status_code} {login_resp.text}"
+    assert login_resp.status_code == 200, (
+        f"login failed: {login_resp.status_code} {login_resp.text}"
+    )
     token = login_resp.json()["access_token"]
 
     return {
@@ -167,7 +167,12 @@ async def seed_data(
     # 2 accounts
     acc1 = await client.post(
         "/api/v1/accounts/",
-        json={"name": "Acme Corp", "industry": "sme", "size": "sme", "website": "https://acme.test"},
+        json={
+            "name": "Acme Corp",
+            "industry": "sme",
+            "size": "sme",
+            "website": "https://acme.test",
+        },
         headers=headers,
     )
     assert acc1.status_code == 201, f"seed acc1: {acc1.status_code} {acc1.text}"
@@ -184,7 +189,12 @@ async def seed_data(
     # 3 contacts (2 with account, 1 standalone)
     c1 = await client.post(
         "/api/v1/contacts/",
-        json={"first_name": "Anna", "last_name": "Schmidt", "email": "anna@acme.example", "account_id": acc1_id},
+        json={
+            "first_name": "Anna",
+            "last_name": "Schmidt",
+            "email": "anna@acme.example",
+            "account_id": acc1_id,
+        },
         headers=headers,
     )
     assert c1.status_code == 201, c1.text
@@ -192,7 +202,12 @@ async def seed_data(
 
     c2 = await client.post(
         "/api/v1/contacts/",
-        json={"first_name": "Bob", "last_name": "Mueller", "email": "bob@globex.example", "account_id": acc2_id},
+        json={
+            "first_name": "Bob",
+            "last_name": "Mueller",
+            "email": "bob@globex.example",
+            "account_id": acc2_id,
+        },
         headers=headers,
     )
     assert c2.status_code == 201, c2.text
@@ -208,13 +223,15 @@ async def seed_data(
 
     # 5 deals (different stages)
     deal_ids: list[int] = []
-    for i, (title, stage) in enumerate([
-        ("Deal A", "lead"),
-        ("Deal B", "qualified"),
-        ("Deal C", "proposal"),
-        ("Deal D", "negotiation"),
-        ("Deal E", "won"),
-    ]):
+    for i, (title, stage) in enumerate(
+        [
+            ("Deal A", "lead"),
+            ("Deal B", "qualified"),
+            ("Deal C", "proposal"),
+            ("Deal D", "negotiation"),
+            ("Deal E", "won"),
+        ]
+    ):
         d = await client.post(
             "/api/v1/deals/",
             json={
@@ -230,6 +247,7 @@ async def seed_data(
 
     # 10 activities (4 overdue, 4 future, 2 completed)
     from datetime import UTC, datetime, timedelta
+
     past = (datetime.now(UTC) - timedelta(days=2)).isoformat()
     future = (datetime.now(UTC) + timedelta(days=2)).isoformat()
     future2 = (datetime.now(UTC) + timedelta(days=10)).isoformat()
@@ -237,10 +255,20 @@ async def seed_data(
     for i in range(10):
         if i < 4:
             due = past
-            body_data: dict[str, object] = {"type": "task", "subject": f"Overdue task {i}", "due_date": due, "deal_id": deal_ids[i % 5]}
+            body_data: dict[str, object] = {
+                "type": "task",
+                "subject": f"Overdue task {i}",
+                "due_date": due,
+                "deal_id": deal_ids[i % 5],
+            }
         elif i < 8:
             due = future if i % 2 == 0 else future2
-            body_data = {"type": "call", "subject": f"Upcoming call {i}", "due_date": due, "account_id": acc1_id}
+            body_data = {
+                "type": "call",
+                "subject": f"Upcoming call {i}",
+                "due_date": due,
+                "account_id": acc1_id,
+            }
         else:
             body_data = {"type": "meeting", "subject": f"Done meeting {i}", "account_id": acc1_id}
         a = await client.post("/api/v1/activities/", json=body_data, headers=headers)
@@ -250,18 +278,36 @@ async def seed_data(
     # 3 tags
     tag_ids: list[int] = []
     for name in ["VIP", "Strategic", "Enterprise"]:
-        t = await client.post("/api/v1/tags/", json={"name": name, "color": "#FF0080"}, headers=headers)
+        t = await client.post(
+            "/api/v1/tags/", json={"name": name, "color": "#FF0080"}, headers=headers
+        )
         assert t.status_code == 201, t.text
         tag_ids.append(t.json()["id"])
 
     # 4 notes (mixed parents: 2 account, 1 contact, 1 deal)
-    n1 = await client.post("/api/v1/notes/", json={"body": "Note on Acme", "parent_type": "account", "parent_id": acc1_id}, headers=headers)
+    n1 = await client.post(
+        "/api/v1/notes/",
+        json={"body": "Note on Acme", "parent_type": "account", "parent_id": acc1_id},
+        headers=headers,
+    )
     assert n1.status_code == 201, n1.text
-    n2 = await client.post("/api/v1/notes/", json={"body": "Note on Globex", "parent_type": "account", "parent_id": acc2_id}, headers=headers)
+    n2 = await client.post(
+        "/api/v1/notes/",
+        json={"body": "Note on Globex", "parent_type": "account", "parent_id": acc2_id},
+        headers=headers,
+    )
     assert n2.status_code == 201, n2.text
-    n3 = await client.post("/api/v1/notes/", json={"body": "Note on Anna", "parent_type": "contact", "parent_id": c1_id}, headers=headers)
+    n3 = await client.post(
+        "/api/v1/notes/",
+        json={"body": "Note on Anna", "parent_type": "contact", "parent_id": c1_id},
+        headers=headers,
+    )
     assert n3.status_code == 201, n3.text
-    n4 = await client.post("/api/v1/notes/", json={"body": "Note on Deal A", "parent_type": "deal", "parent_id": deal_ids[0]}, headers=headers)
+    n4 = await client.post(
+        "/api/v1/notes/",
+        json={"body": "Note on Deal A", "parent_type": "deal", "parent_id": deal_ids[0]},
+        headers=headers,
+    )
     assert n4.status_code == 201, n4.text
 
     return {
diff --git a/tests/test_accounts.py b/tests/test_accounts.py
index c241093..b3dd481 100644
--- a/tests/test_accounts.py
+++ b/tests/test_accounts.py
@@ -21,7 +21,9 @@ async def test_create_account(client: AsyncClient, auth_headers: dict[str, str])
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_create_account_missing_required(client: AsyncClient, auth_headers: dict[str, str]) -> None:
+async def test_create_account_missing_required(
+    client: AsyncClient, auth_headers: dict[str, str]
+) -> None:
     resp = await client.post(
         "/api/v1/accounts/",
         json={"industry": "sme"},  # name missing
@@ -97,7 +99,9 @@ async def test_db_write_account_no_password_field(
     assert resp.status_code == 201
 
     async with session_factory() as session:
-        result = await session.execute(text("SELECT name, industry FROM accounts WHERE name='Schema Test Co'"))
+        result = await session.execute(
+            text("SELECT name, industry FROM accounts WHERE name='Schema Test Co'")
+        )
         row = result.fetchone()
         assert row is not None
         assert row[0] == "Schema Test Co"
diff --git a/tests/test_activities.py b/tests/test_activities.py
index 0c58f32..7ce9f42 100644
--- a/tests/test_activities.py
+++ b/tests/test_activities.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from datetime import UTC, datetime, timedelta
+from datetime import datetime
 
 import pytest
 from httpx import AsyncClient
diff --git a/tests/test_auth.py b/tests/test_auth.py
index 34addff..2791a66 100644
--- a/tests/test_auth.py
+++ b/tests/test_auth.py
@@ -3,9 +3,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import time
-from datetime import timedelta
 
-import pytest
 from httpx import AsyncClient
 from jose import jwt
 
@@ -43,9 +41,7 @@ async def test_register_success(client: AsyncClient) -> None:
 # === FR-1.1 / Akzeptanzkriterium 2: register duplicate email ===
 
 
-async def test_register_duplicate_email(
-    client: AsyncClient, registered_user: dict
-) -> None:
+async def test_register_duplicate_email(client: AsyncClient, registered_user: dict) -> None:
     """AC #2: POST /api/v1/auth/register mit existierender Email → 409."""
     # registered_user already exists; trying again with same email (and 2nd user
     # would also be blocked by bootstrap). 409 is correct because of the email conflict.
@@ -93,9 +89,7 @@ async def test_register_weak_password(client: AsyncClient) -> None:
 # === FR-1.2 / Akzeptanzkriterium 4: login success ===
 
 
-async def test_login_success(
-    client: AsyncClient, registered_user: dict
-) -> None:
+async def test_login_success(client: AsyncClient, registered_user: dict) -> None:
     """AC #4: POST /api/v1/auth/login mit korrekten Credentials → 200 + JWT."""
     resp = await client.post(
         "/api/v1/auth/login",
@@ -114,9 +108,7 @@ async def test_login_success(
 # === FR-1.2 / Akzeptanzkriterium 5: login wrong password ===
 
 
-async def test_login_wrong_password(
-    client: AsyncClient, registered_user: dict
-) -> None:
+async def test_login_wrong_password(client: AsyncClient, registered_user: dict) -> None:
     """AC #5: POST /api/v1/auth/login mit falschem Passwort → 401."""
     resp = await client.post(
         "/api/v1/auth/login",
@@ -203,12 +195,11 @@ async def test_db_user_has_hashed_password(
 ) -> None:
     """AC: DB-User wird mit gehashtem password_hash angelegt (kein Klartext)."""
     from sqlalchemy import select
+
     from app.models.user import User
 
     async with session_factory() as session:
-        result = await session.execute(
-            select(User).where(User.email == registered_user["email"])
-        )
+        result = await session.execute(select(User).where(User.email == registered_user["email"]))
         user = result.scalar_one()
         # bcrypt hashes start with $2b$ (or $2a$ for passlib), never plain text
         assert user.password_hash.startswith("$"), (
@@ -216,19 +207,17 @@ async def test_db_user_has_hashed_password(
         )
         assert user.password_hash != registered_user["password"]
         assert len(user.password_hash) > 50, (
-            "Bcrypt hash should be ~60 chars long, got "
-            f"{len(user.password_hash)}"
+            f"Bcrypt hash should be ~60 chars long, got {len(user.password_hash)}"
         )
 
 
 # === Bonus: no default admin bootstrap on startup ===
 
 
-async def test_no_default_admin_on_startup(
-    client: AsyncClient, session_factory
-) -> None:
+async def test_no_default_admin_on_startup(client: AsyncClient, session_factory) -> None:
     """AC: KEIN admin/admin Bootstrap-User beim App-Start (Frisch-DB = leer)."""
-    from sqlalchemy import select, func
+    from sqlalchemy import func, select
+
     from app.models.user import User
 
     # Fresh DB → no users
@@ -238,10 +227,6 @@ async def test_no_default_admin_on_startup(
         assert count == 0, f"Fresh DB should have 0 users, found {count}"
 
         # Also check: no user with role=admin and well-known email
-        result = await session.execute(
-            select(User).where(User.role == "admin")
-        )
+        result = await session.execute(select(User).where(User.role == "admin"))
         admins = result.scalars().all()
-        assert len(admins) == 0, (
-            f"Fresh DB should have no admin users, found {len(admins)}"
-        )
+        assert len(admins) == 0, f"Fresh DB should have no admin users, found {len(admins)}"
diff --git a/tests/test_contacts.py b/tests/test_contacts.py
index f23f401..8c32d13 100644
--- a/tests/test_contacts.py
+++ b/tests/test_contacts.py
@@ -13,7 +13,12 @@ async def test_create_contact_with_account(
     acc_id = seed_data["account_ids"][0]
     resp = await client.post(
         "/api/v1/contacts/",
-        json={"first_name": "Diana", "last_name": "Prince", "email": "diana@x.example", "account_id": acc_id},
+        json={
+            "first_name": "Diana",
+            "last_name": "Prince",
+            "email": "diana@x.example",
+            "account_id": acc_id,
+        },
         headers=auth_headers,
     )
     assert resp.status_code == 201, resp.text
@@ -34,9 +39,7 @@ async def test_create_contact_invalid_account(
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_list_contacts_filter_account(
-    client: AsyncClient, seed_data: dict
-) -> None:
+async def test_list_contacts_filter_account(client: AsyncClient, seed_data: dict) -> None:
     acc_id = seed_data["account_ids"][0]
     resp = await client.get(f"/api/v1/contacts/?account_id={acc_id}", headers=seed_data["headers"])
     assert resp.status_code == 200
@@ -45,9 +48,7 @@ async def test_list_contacts_filter_account(
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_search_contacts_by_email(
-    client: AsyncClient, seed_data: dict
-) -> None:
+async def test_search_contacts_by_email(client: AsyncClient, seed_data: dict) -> None:
     # seed_data creates contact with email 'anna@acme.example' on account 0
     resp = await client.get("/api/v1/contacts/?q=anna@acme.example", headers=seed_data["headers"])
     assert resp.status_code == 200
diff --git a/tests/test_dashboard.py b/tests/test_dashboard.py
index 6f276a2..52b373f 100644
--- a/tests/test_dashboard.py
+++ b/tests/test_dashboard.py
@@ -11,7 +11,9 @@ async def test_kpis(client: AsyncClient, seed_data: dict) -> None:
     resp = await client.get("/api/v1/dashboard/kpis", headers=seed_data["headers"])
     assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
     body = resp.json()
-    assert {"open_deals_count", "pipeline_value", "won_this_month", "conversion_rate"} <= set(body.keys())
+    assert {"open_deals_count", "pipeline_value", "won_this_month", "conversion_rate"} <= set(
+        body.keys()
+    )
     assert isinstance(body["open_deals_count"], int)
     assert isinstance(body["pipeline_value"], (int, float))
     assert isinstance(body["won_this_month"], int)
diff --git a/tests/test_deals.py b/tests/test_deals.py
index d7ef509..7f7c594 100644
--- a/tests/test_deals.py
+++ b/tests/test_deals.py
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ async def test_update_deal_stage_creates_history(
 
     # Verify DealStageHistory row exists in DB
     from sqlalchemy import text
+
     async with session_factory() as session:
         result = await session.execute(
             text("SELECT to_stage FROM deal_stage_history WHERE deal_id = :did ORDER BY id"),
@@ -74,6 +75,7 @@ async def test_db_write_deal(
 ) -> None:
     """DB roundtrip: read back a seeded deal directly via SQL."""
     from sqlalchemy import text
+
     deal_id = seed_data["deal_ids"][2]
     async with session_factory() as session:
         result = await session.execute(
diff --git a/tests/test_frontend_assets.py b/tests/test_frontend_assets.py
index 292d819..9be29fd 100644
--- a/tests/test_frontend_assets.py
+++ b/tests/test_frontend_assets.py
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ def _read(rel: str) -> str:
 # api.js
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+
 def test_api_js_exports_api_and_ApiError():
     content = _read("js/api.js")
     assert "export class ApiError" in content
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ def test_api_js_handles_204_no_content():
 # store.js
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+
 def test_store_js_defines_auth_and_notifications():
     content = _read("js/store.js")
     assert "Alpine.store('auth'" in content
@@ -81,6 +83,7 @@ def test_store_js_notifications_has_push_and_dismiss():
 # app.css
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+
 def test_app_css_contains_tailwind_overrides():
     content = _read("css/app.css")
     # The file defines custom CSS variables (--crm-primary, etc.)
@@ -107,10 +110,10 @@ def test_app_css_has_toast_styles():
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 COMPONENTS = [
-    ("account-list.js",     "accountList"),
-    ("deal-kanban.js",      "dealKanban"),
-    ("activity-list.js",    "activityList"),
-    ("dashboard-kpis.js",   "dashboardKpis"),
+    ("account-list.js", "accountList"),
+    ("deal-kanban.js", "dealKanban"),
+    ("activity-list.js", "activityList"),
+    ("dashboard-kpis.js", "dashboardKpis"),
 ]
 
 
@@ -120,11 +123,13 @@ def test_alpine_component_defined(filename, factory):
     globally with Alpine.data(name, factory)."""
     content = _read(f"components/{filename}")
     # factory function definition
-    assert f"export function {factory}" in content, \
+    assert f"export function {factory}" in content, (
         f"{filename} missing `export function {factory}()`"
+    )
     # Alpine.data() registration
-    assert f"Alpine.data('{factory}'" in content, \
+    assert f"Alpine.data('{factory}'" in content, (
         f"{filename} missing `Alpine.data('{factory}', …)` registration"
+    )
 
 
 def test_deal_kanban_handles_drag_and_drop():
@@ -159,6 +164,7 @@ def test_account_list_uses_pagination():
 # notifications.js (toast component)
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+
 def test_notifications_js_registers_toast_container():
     content = _read("js/components/notifications.js")
     assert "toastContainer" in content
@@ -169,6 +175,7 @@ def test_notifications_js_registers_toast_container():
 # auth.js
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+
 def test_auth_js_exports_login_logout_register():
     content = _read("js/auth.js")
     assert "export async function login" in content
diff --git a/tests/test_frontend_pages.py b/tests/test_frontend_pages.py
index 04a8716..16fe45b 100644
--- a/tests/test_frontend_pages.py
+++ b/tests/test_frontend_pages.py
@@ -33,18 +33,18 @@ def _read(name: str) -> str:
 # Each page: (filename, [required substrings])
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 PAGES = [
-    ("index.html",            ["Login", "Registrieren", "Anmelden", "Konto erstellen"]),
-    ("app.html",              ["Dashboard", "Logout", "Pipeline"]),
-    ("accounts.html",         ["Accounts", "Suche (Name)", "Branche", "+ New Account"]),
-    ("accounts-detail.html",  ["Account-Detail", "Bearbeiten", "Löschen", "Info"]),
-    ("contacts.html",         ["Contacts", "Vorname", "Nachname", "+ New Contact"]),
-    ("contacts-detail.html",  ["Contact-Detail", "Bearbeiten", "Löschen"]),
-    ("pipeline.html",         ["Pipeline", "Owner-ID (optional)", "+ New Deal", "Ziehe Karten"]),
-    ("activities.html",       ["Activities", "+ New Activity", "Fällig"]),
+    ("index.html", ["Login", "Registrieren", "Anmelden", "Konto erstellen"]),
+    ("app.html", ["Dashboard", "Logout", "Pipeline"]),
+    ("accounts.html", ["Accounts", "Suche (Name)", "Branche", "+ New Account"]),
+    ("accounts-detail.html", ["Account-Detail", "Bearbeiten", "Löschen", "Info"]),
+    ("contacts.html", ["Contacts", "Vorname", "Nachname", "+ New Contact"]),
+    ("contacts-detail.html", ["Contact-Detail", "Bearbeiten", "Löschen"]),
+    ("pipeline.html", ["Pipeline", "Owner-ID (optional)", "+ New Deal", "Ziehe Karten"]),
+    ("activities.html", ["Activities", "+ New Activity", "Fällig"]),
     ("settings-profile.html", ["Mein Profil", "Avatar-URL", "E-Mail-Benachrichtigungen"]),
-    ("settings-users.html",   ["User-Verwaltung", "+ New User", "Rolle"]),
-    ("settings-org.html",     ["Org-Einstellungen", "Aktuelle Organisation", "v1.1"]),
-    ("404.html",              ["404", "Seite nicht gefunden", "Zum Dashboard"]),
+    ("settings-users.html", ["User-Verwaltung", "+ New User", "Rolle"]),
+    ("settings-org.html", ["Org-Einstellungen", "Aktuelle Organisation", "v1.1"]),
+    ("404.html", ["404", "Seite nicht gefunden", "Zum Dashboard"]),
     # Dashboard: ships inside app.html. We test the marker text directly there.
 ]
 
diff --git a/tests/test_frontend_security.py b/tests/test_frontend_security.py
index 2532a7b..c3abbd6 100644
--- a/tests/test_frontend_security.py
+++ b/tests/test_frontend_security.py
@@ -43,9 +43,8 @@ def test_no_x_html_in_alpine_templates():
             stripped = re.sub(r"<!--.*?-->", "", line)
             if XHTML_PATTERN.search(stripped):
                 offenders.append((path.name, lineno, line.strip()[:120]))
-    assert not offenders, (
-        "x-html usage is forbidden (R-5); offenders:\n"
-        + "\n".join(f"  {n}:{ln}: {snippet}" for n, ln, snippet in offenders)
+    assert not offenders, "x-html usage is forbidden (R-5); offenders:\n" + "\n".join(
+        f"  {n}:{ln}: {snippet}" for n, ln, snippet in offenders
     )
 
 
@@ -54,21 +53,23 @@ def test_no_innerHTML_in_alpine_pages():
     for path in _all_html_files():
         content = path.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
         # allow within <script> blocks only if commented out / disabled
-        assert "innerHTML" not in content, \
+        assert "innerHTML" not in content, (
             f"{path.name} contains innerHTML which is forbidden (R-5)"
+        )
 
 
 def test_x_text_is_used_instead():
     """Sanity check: the auth/dashboard pages use x-text for user-derived strings."""
     index = (WEBUI / "index.html").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
     # The error message div should use x-text (so user input never gets HTML-parsed)
-    assert "x-text=\"error\"" in index or 'x-text="error"' in index
+    assert 'x-text="error"' in index or 'x-text="error"' in index
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # R-1: JWT in localStorage
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+
 def test_jwt_uses_localStorage():
     """api.js must read/write the JWT in localStorage, not cookies/sessionStorage."""
     api = (WEBUI / "js" / "api.js").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
@@ -90,14 +91,16 @@ def test_jwt_not_in_cookies():
     """Defence in depth: do NOT put the JWT in document.cookie."""
     for js in WEBUI.rglob("*.js"):
         content = js.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
-        assert "document.cookie" not in content, \
+        assert "document.cookie" not in content, (
             f"{js.relative_to(ROOT)} must not use document.cookie for the JWT"
+        )
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # 13.3: CSP-Header in main.py
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+
 def test_csp_header_in_main_py():
     """app/main.py must wire up a middleware (or response-header decorator)
     that sets Content-Security-Policy. We don't run the server here — we
@@ -105,29 +108,30 @@ def test_csp_header_in_main_py():
     assert MAIN_PY.exists(), f"Missing {MAIN_PY}"
     content = MAIN_PY.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
     # The middleware / decorator must mention the CSP header value
-    assert "Content-Security-Policy" in content, \
-        "app/main.py does not set Content-Security-Policy"
+    assert "Content-Security-Policy" in content, "app/main.py does not set Content-Security-Policy"
     # The header must allow the Tailwind CDN at minimum
-    assert "cdn.tailwindcss.com" in content, \
+    assert "cdn.tailwindcss.com" in content, (
         "CSP-Header must allow https://cdn.tailwindcss.com in script-src"
+    )
     # And block scripts from arbitrary origins
-    assert "default-src 'self'" in content or 'default-src "self"' in content, \
+    assert "default-src 'self'" in content or 'default-src "self"' in content, (
         "CSP-Header must set default-src 'self'"
+    )
 
 
 def test_csp_blocks_object_embedding():
     """object-src 'none' is part of the agreed lockdown."""
     content = MAIN_PY.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
-    assert "object-src 'none'" in content, \
-        "CSP-Header must set object-src 'none'"
+    assert "object-src 'none'" in content, "CSP-Header must set object-src 'none'"
 
 
 def test_csp_uses_starlette_middleware():
     """Per architecture: CSP is set in a FastAPI/Starlette middleware,
     not in nginx / a response handler."""
     content = MAIN_PY.read_text(encoding="utf-8")
-    assert "@app.middleware(\"http\")" in content or '@app.middleware("http")' in content, \
-        "CSP-Header must be set in an @app.middleware(\"http\") decorator"
+    assert '@app.middleware("http")' in content or '@app.middleware("http")' in content, (
+        'CSP-Header must be set in an @app.middleware("http") decorator'
+    )
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -155,9 +159,9 @@ def test_protected_page_has_auth_gate(filename):
     content = (WEBUI / filename).read_text(encoding="utf-8")
     # The auth-gate is `x-data="{ init: () => Alpine.store('auth').init() }"`
     # or `x-init="init()"` on a component that checks the JWT.
-    assert "Alpine.store('auth').init()" in content or \
-           "$store.auth.init()" in content, \
+    assert "Alpine.store('auth').init()" in content or "$store.auth.init()" in content, (
         f"{filename} has no Alpine.store('auth').init() auth-gate"
+    )
 
 
 def test_index_page_has_no_auth_gate():
@@ -165,13 +169,15 @@ def test_index_page_has_no_auth_gate():
     content = (WEBUI / "index.html").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
     # The auth store's init() redirects to /index.html when no JWT exists,
     # so it must NOT be called from the login page.
-    assert "Alpine.store('auth').init()" not in content, \
+    assert "Alpine.store('auth').init()" not in content, (
         "index.html (login page) must not call auth.init() (would cause loop)"
+    )
 
 
 def test_404_page_has_no_auth_gate():
     """404 page is reachable without auth (so users can find their way back)."""
     content = (WEBUI / "404.html").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
     # The 404 must not call auth.init() — it is intentionally public.
-    assert "Alpine.store('auth').init()" not in content, \
+    assert "Alpine.store('auth').init()" not in content, (
         "404.html must not call auth.init() (public page)"
+    )
diff --git a/tests/test_health.py b/tests/test_health.py
index 404286d..c78ffc8 100644
--- a/tests/test_health.py
+++ b/tests/test_health.py
@@ -22,9 +22,7 @@ async def test_health_no_auth_required(client: AsyncClient) -> None:
     resp = await client.get("/health")
     assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
     # Even with a bogus header, it should still be 200 (public endpoint)
-    resp = await client.get(
-        "/health", headers={"Authorization": "Bearer not-a-real-token"}
-    )
+    resp = await client.get("/health", headers={"Authorization": "Bearer not-a-real-token"})
     assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
 
 
diff --git a/tests/test_tags.py b/tests/test_tags.py
index 3c17ac4..736200f 100644
--- a/tests/test_tags.py
+++ b/tests/test_tags.py
@@ -7,9 +7,7 @@ from httpx import AsyncClient
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_create_tag(
-    client: AsyncClient, auth_headers: dict[str, str]
-) -> None:
+async def test_create_tag(client: AsyncClient, auth_headers: dict[str, str]) -> None:
     resp = await client.post(
         "/api/v1/tags/",
         json={"name": "Important", "color": "#FF0000"},
diff --git a/tests/test_users_me.py b/tests/test_users_me.py
index 313a974..a50e978 100644
--- a/tests/test_users_me.py
+++ b/tests/test_users_me.py
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 
 from httpx import AsyncClient
 
-
 # === /users/me ===
 
 
@@ -36,9 +35,10 @@ async def test_get_me_invalid_token_format(client: AsyncClient) -> None:
 
 async def test_get_me_bogus_token(client: AsyncClient) -> None:
     """GET /api/v1/users/me with a token signed with the wrong key returns 401."""
-    from jose import jwt
     import time
 
+    from jose import jwt
+
     bogus = jwt.encode(
         {
             "sub": "1",
@@ -173,9 +173,7 @@ async def test_list_users_as_sales_rep_forbidden(
 # === Refresh & Logout ===
 
 
-async def test_refresh_token(
-    client: AsyncClient, auth_headers: dict[str, str]
-) -> None:
+async def test_refresh_token(client: AsyncClient, auth_headers: dict[str, str]) -> None:
     """POST /api/v1/auth/refresh issues a new token for the current user."""
     resp = await client.post("/api/v1/auth/refresh", headers=auth_headers)
     assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text
@@ -185,9 +183,7 @@ async def test_refresh_token(
     assert data["expires_in"] > 0
 
 
-async def test_logout(
-    client: AsyncClient, auth_headers: dict[str, str]
-) -> None:
+async def test_logout(client: AsyncClient, auth_headers: dict[str, str]) -> None:
     """POST /api/v1/auth/logout returns 200 with confirmation message."""
     resp = await client.post("/api/v1/auth/logout", headers=auth_headers)
     assert resp.status_code == 200, resp.text