diff --git a/alembic/versions/0094_fix_gin_indexes_and_plugins_dedup.py b/alembic/versions/0094_fix_gin_indexes_and_plugins_dedup.py
index bab1cc8..3afc2a5 100644
--- a/alembic/versions/0094_fix_gin_indexes_and_plugins_dedup.py
+++ b/alembic/versions/0094_fix_gin_indexes_and_plugins_dedup.py
@@ -34,11 +34,18 @@ GIN_INDEXES = [
 
 def upgrade() -> None:
     # Fix GIN indexes: drop and recreate with USING GIN (idempotent)
+    # Only create index if the column exists (avoids failure on fresh DB)
     for table, index_name, column in GIN_INDEXES:
         op.execute(f"DROP INDEX IF EXISTS {index_name}")
+        # Check if column exists before creating index
         op.execute(
+            "DO $do$ BEGIN "
+            "IF EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM information_schema.columns "
+            f"WHERE table_name = '{table}' AND column_name = '{column}') THEN "
             f"CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS {index_name} "
-            f"ON {table} USING gin ({column})"
+            f"ON {table} USING gin ({column}); "
+            "END IF; "
+            "END $do$;"
         )
 
     # Remove redundant plugins.name index (plugins_name_key already enforces uniqueness)