feat(M2): Persönliche Dashboards — Tabelle, CRUD, Lazy-Seed, RLS (#360)

- dashboards-Tabelle (Layout JSONB, Tabs, is_default, partial unique name index)
- 6 CRUD-Endpoints /api/v1/dashboards, Owner-only (saved_views-Präzedenz), Audit
- Lazy Default-Seed aus MiniApp-Registry (permission-gefiltert, 12-Spalten-Flow)
- CORE_PERMISSIONS dashboard:read/write (fixt Phantom-Permission in dashboard.py)
- Migration 0144: RLS crm_api+crm_worker + konvergenter Fix der 3 Phase-L-Policies
- Tests: test_dashboards_backend.py 23/23 (TDD rot->grün); Regression 162/163

app/schemas/dashboard.py

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+"""Schemas for personal dashboards (Phase M2).
+
+Layout is validated structurally (12-column grid bounds) before it is
+persisted; MiniApp existence and permissions are enforced at seed time and
+when the frontend resolves widget components via /api/v1/miniapps.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from typing import Any
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
+
+
+class DashboardWidget(BaseModel):
+    """A MiniApp instance placed on a dashboard tab."""
+
+    app_id: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=80)
+    settings: dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+    col: int = Field(default=0, ge=0)
+    row: int = Field(default=0, ge=0)
+    col_span: int = Field(default=1, ge=1, le=12)
+    row_span: int = Field(default=1, ge=1, le=12)
+
+
+class DashboardTab(BaseModel):
+    """A tab of a dashboard holding widget placements."""
+
+    id: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=80)
+    name: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=100)
+    widgets: list[DashboardWidget] = Field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class DashboardLayout(BaseModel):
+    """Full persisted layout of a personal dashboard."""
+
+    version: int = Field(default=1, ge=1)
+    tabs: list[DashboardTab] = Field(default_factory=list)
+
+
+class DashboardCreate(BaseModel):
+    name: str = Field(..., min_length=1, max_length=100)
+
+
+class DashboardUpdate(BaseModel):
+    name: str | None = Field(default=None, min_length=1, max_length=100)
+    layout: DashboardLayout | None = None
+
+
+class DashboardResponse(BaseModel):
+    id: str
+    name: str
+    layout: dict[str, Any]
+    is_default: bool
+    user_id: str
+    created_at: str | None = None
+    updated_at: str | None = None
+
+    model_config = {"from_attributes": True}